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首页> 外文学位 >Habitat Utilization and Early Life History Characteristics of Larval, Young-of-Year, and Juvenile Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) in the Great Lakes Connecting Channels
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Habitat Utilization and Early Life History Characteristics of Larval, Young-of-Year, and Juvenile Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) in the Great Lakes Connecting Channels

机译：大湖连接通道中幼虫，年幼和，鱼Lake的栖息地利用和早期生活史特征

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摘要

I used field surveys, geospatial modeling, and cross-system comparisons to determine if dispersal of larval Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) differed in small and large river systems and resulted in a corresponding difference in habitat use for age 0--2 individuals. Most species -- environmental relationships have been described based on interactions observed during an animal's most dominant life history stage, or extrapolated from systems where animal behavior is better understood. As a result, knowledge of habitat use during early development of a species is often poorly understood, or assumed to be consistent throughout the animal's range. Using field surveys in North Channel (NC) and Middle Channel (MC) of the St. Clair River, Michigan, I assessed movement patterns of larval Lake Sturgeon and found significantly higher catch per unit effort (CPUE; No. larvae / hour) in 3 locations 0.5--5 km downstream from their natal reefs. Further, I found variation in larval lengths and yolk sac stages from individuals collected in single nets at each of these sites. This suggests larvae of variable ages remained in the river and that suitable nursery habitat existed there and was being utilized by young sturgeon. I then developed a novel habitat suitability model (HSM) to evaluate the quantity, quality, and spatial distribution of riverine nursery habitat for larval, young-of-year (YOY), and juvenile (< 500 mm) Lake Sturgeon in NC. This HSM was developed using georeferenced information on substrate, invertebrate densities, benthic current velocities, and depth. Of the 283 larval Lake Sturgeon collected, the majority were found in high quality habitat (81%) and clustered in three locations (91.2% of total catch). Nine out of 11 YOY and juveniles collected in NC were also in high quality habitat, suggesting suitable habitat also exists for young Lake Sturgeon in NC. Cross-system comparisons of the HSM developed for NC were undertaken for MC and Fighting Island Channel (FIC) of the Detroit River. Model outputs indicated a significantly higher abundance of high quality habitat present in NC (29.1%) than MC and FIC (16.9% and 15.7%, respectively). HSM modeled output for NC indicated an abundance of suitable habitat first occurred < 0.5 km downstream from a known spawning location. Larval, YOY, and juvenile Lake Sturgeon were found in high densities at three distinct locations of high quality habitat and appeared to utilize similar riverine habitat throughout early development. In MC, larvae also concentrated in three distinct locations of high quality habitat. However, this habitat was less abundant and did not occur until 4.5 km downstream from MC reef. Larval collections in MC decreased as sampling progressed downstream, suggesting increased drift distance to suitable habitat resulted in increased larval mortality or alternative dispersal behavior. In FIC, high quality habitat was less common, larval Lake Sturgeon abundance was low, and larvae were not observed in high concentrations. This suggests that newly emerged larvae did not utilize available habitat in FIC, but instead drifted into the main channel of the Detroit River. My dissertation showed that dispersal of larval Lake Sturgeon in the GLCCs is strongly associated with location and abundance of suitable nursery habitat downstream from natal spawning reefs. Further, results indicated variation in habitat conditions downstream of natal reefs resulted in variable dispersal patterns of young Lake Sturgeon and should be taken into account for the planning of future restoration efforts.
机译：我使用了实地调查，地理空间建​​模和跨系统比较来确定幼小Lake鱼（Acipenser fulvescens）的扩散在大小河流系统中是否有所不同，并导致0--2岁个体在栖息地使用上存在相应的差异。大多数物种-环境关系已根据在动物最主要的生命史阶段观察到的相互作用进行了描述，或者从对动物行为有更好了解的系统进行推断得出。结果，人们通常对一个物种的早期发育过程中的栖息地利用知识了解得很少，或者被认为在整个动物范围内都是一致的。通过对密歇根州圣克莱尔河北通道（NC）和中通道（MC）进行的实地调查，我评估了St鱼湖幼虫的运动方式，发现在捕捞时每单位工作量的捕捞量明显提高（CPUE；幼虫/小时）。 3个位置，位于其本生礁下游0.5--5公里处。此外，我发现在每个站点的单个网中收集到的个体的幼虫长度和卵黄囊阶段的变化。这表明不同年龄的幼虫仍留在河中，那里存在适宜的苗圃栖息地，并被年轻的utilized鱼利用。然后，我开发了一种新颖的栖息地适应性模型（HSM），以评估北卡罗来纳州幼鱼，年幼（YOY）和少年（<500毫米）Lake鱼河育苗场栖息地的数量，质量和空间分布。该HSM是使用基材上的地理参考信息，无脊椎动物密度，底栖电流速度和深度开发的。在收集的283个幼虫St鱼湖中，大部分发现于高质量的栖息地中（81％），并聚集在三个位置（占总捕获量的91.2％）。在北卡罗莱纳州的11个年幼儿童中，有9个还处于高质量的栖息地，这表明北卡罗来纳州年轻的St鱼湖也存在合适的栖息地。为底特律河的MC和战斗岛通道（FIC）进行了针对NC开发的HSM的跨系统比较。模型输出表明，NC的高质量栖息地（29.1％）比MC和FIC（分别为16.9％和15.7％）高得多。用于NC的HSM模型输出表明大量合适的栖息地首先出现在已知产卵位置下游<0.5 km处。在三个高品质栖息地的不同地点高密度地发现了幼虫，YOY和少年Lake鱼，它们在整个早期开发过程中似乎都利用相似的河流栖息地。在MC，幼虫也集中在三个高质量栖息地的不同位置。但是，该栖息地的数量较少，直到MC礁下游4.5 km才出现。随着向下游采样的进展，MC中的幼虫收集减少，这表明到合适栖息地的漂移距离增加导致幼虫死亡率增加或其他分散行为。在FIC中，高质量的栖息地不太常见，幼虫湖St鱼的丰度低，未观察到高浓度的幼虫。这表明新出现的幼虫没有利用FIC中可用的栖息地，而是漂入了底特律河的主要河道。我的论文表明，幼体Lake鱼在GLCC中的扩散与产卵的下游合适的苗圃栖息地的位置和丰富程度密切相关。此外，结果表明新生礁下游的栖息地条件变化导致幼小的St鱼的扩散模式变化，因此在规划未来的恢复工作时应予以考虑。

著录项

  • 作者

    Krieger, Joseph R.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Michigan.;

  • 授予单位 University of Michigan.;
  • 学科 Natural resource management.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2017
  • 页码 124 p.
  • 总页数 124
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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