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Disturbing nature's beauty: Environmental aesthetics in a new ecological paradigm.

机译：扰乱自然之美：一种新的生态范式中的环境美学。

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摘要

An ecological paradigm shift from the "balance of nature" to the "flux of nature" will change the way we aesthetically appreciate nature if we adopt scientific cognitivism---the view that aesthetic appreciation of nature must be informed by scientific knowledge. Aesthetic judgments are subjective, though we talk about aesthetic qualities as if they were objectively inherent in objects, events, or environments. Aesthetic judgments regarding nature are correct insofar as they are part of a community consensus regarding the currently dominant scientific paradigm.;Ecological science is grounded in metaphors: nature is a divine order, a machine, an organism, a community, or a cybernetic system. These metaphors stimulate and guide scientific practice, but do not exist independent of a conceptual framework. They are at most useful fictions in terms of how they reflect the values underlying a paradigm. Contemporary ecology is a science driven more by aesthetic than metaphysical considerations.;I review concepts in the history of nature aesthetics such as the picturesque, the sublime, disinterestedness, and formalism. I propose an analogy: just as knowledge of art history and theory should inform aesthetic appreciation of art, knowledge of natural history and ecological theory should inform aesthetic appreciation of nature.;The "framing problem," is the problem that natural environments are not discrete objects, so knowing what to focus on in an environment is difficult. The "fusion problem" is the problem of how to fuse the sensory aspect of aesthetic appreciation with highly theoretical scientific knowledge. I resolve these two problems by defending a normative version of the theory-laden observation thesis.;Positive aesthetics is the view that insofar as nature is untouched by humans, it is always beautiful and never ugly. I defend an amended and updated version of positive aesthetics that is consistent with the central elements of contemporary ecology, and emphasize the heuristic, exegetical, and pedagogical roles aesthetic qualities play in ecological science.
机译：如果从科学的认知角度出发，从“自然的平衡”到“自然的通量”的生态学范式的转变将改变我们在审美上欣赏自然的方式-这种观点认为对自然的审美欣赏必须以科学知识为基础。审美判断是主观的，尽管我们谈论美学品质，就像它们客观地固有在物体，事件或环境中一样。就自然界而言，关于自然的审美判断是正确的，因为它们是关于当前占主导地位的科学范式的社区共识的一部分。生态学以隐喻为基础：自然是神圣的秩序，机器，生物，社区或控制论系统。这些隐喻激发并指导了科学实践，但并不独立于概念框架而存在。就它们如何反映范式的基本价值而言，它们最多是有用的小说。当代生态学是一门更多地由美学驱动的科学，而不是形而上学的考虑。我回顾了自然美学史上的概念，例如风景如画，崇高，无私和形式主义。我提出一个类比：就像艺术史和理论知识应该对艺术的审美欣赏一样，自然史和生态理论知识应该对自然的审美欣赏也一样。“框架问题”是自然环境不是离散的问题对象，因此很难知道要在环境中关注什么。 “融合问题”是如何将审美欣赏的感觉方面与高度理论科学知识相融合的问题。我通过捍卫带有理论的观察论文的规范版本来解决这两个问题。积极美学是这样一种观点，即大自然不受人类的影响，它总是美丽而丑陋。我捍卫积极美学的修正和更新版本，这与当代生态学的核心要素保持一致，并强调美学品质在生态科学中发挥的启发式，解释性和教学性作用。

著录项

  • 作者

    Simus, Jason Boaz.;

  • 作者单位

    University of North Texas.;

  • 授予单位 University of North Texas.;
  • 学科 Biology Ecology.;Philosophy.;Aesthetics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 113 p.
  • 总页数 113
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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