• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文学位 >National aliens, local citizens? Japan's immigrant integration politics in comparative perspective.
【24h】

National aliens, local citizens? Japan's immigrant integration politics in comparative perspective.

机译：外国人，当地公民？从比较角度看日本的移民融合政治。

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Affluent societies around the world increasingly share a common dependence on immigrant labor, but they differ greatly in the kinds of political, social, and cultural rights that they accord to immigrants, especially those who are not citizens. Demographic pressures ensure Japan's increasing reliance on foreign labor, but foreign residents in Japan have traditionally faced exclusion and disenfranchisement at the national level, few avenues for the acquisition of legal citizenship status, ethnically defined perceptions of what it means to be 'Japanese,' and a political system with limited room for the voices of indigenous minorities and opposition parties, let alone foreigners. By contrast, even as recent labor migration has saddled numerous Japanese municipalities with the same diversity challenges as the gateway cities of more longstanding immigrant-receiving societies, Japan's local governments have surprisingly encouraged foreigners' political participation and accommodated their cultural differences.;This study compares the history and policies of six Japanese cities, finding significant variation where conventional wisdom would predict similar policy outcomes---that is, in neighboring cities with virtually the same immigrant populations and political, social, and economic histories: Kobe and Osaka as sites of primarily pre-WWII Korean settlement, Toyota and Hamamatsu as sites of recent Japanese-Brazilian settlement, and Yokohama and Kawasaki as cities with mixed immigrant populations. The analysis shows that differences in the present-day policy approaches of each city can be traced back to strategic decisions made in the early stages of pro-immigrant advocacy efforts. Cities where early generations of immigrant activists prioritized representation by tempering rights claims and working with city administrators to become city service providers, for example---ultimately pursued more inclusive, truly multicultural policies.;The implications of this study are two-fold. First, in contrast to previous scholarship portraying Japanese civil society as subsumed by the state and primarily influenced by rather than influencing state policies, this study shows that immigrant civic associations can effectively make their voices heard by working within bureaucratic channels, and that proximity to the state can actually give them influence disproportionate to their status in Japanese society. Second, by showing that variation in immigrant integration policies flowed more from the citizenship goals of immigrants themselves than from those of policymakers, this study challenges assumptions about the rigid opportunities and constraints that political, economic, and social conditions in the host society place on immigrants' political efficacy. Even in the most challenging of political environments, foreign residents and their supporters in Japan have found ways to affect policies. Their successful assertion of membership claims complicates Japan's traditional tying of citizenship rights to nationality status and raises questions about just what citizenship means in a country without formal institutions for integrating immigrants.
机译：世界各地的富裕社会越来越普遍地依赖移民劳动力，但是在赋予移民，尤其是非公民的政治，社会和文化权利方面，它们之间存在很大差异。人口压力确保了日本对外国劳工的日益依赖，但是日本的外国居民传统上在国家一级面临被剥夺和剥夺公民权，获得合法公民身份的途径很少，种族界定的含义，即所谓的“日本人”，以及一个政治系统，只能容纳少数族裔和反对党的声音，更不用说外国人了。相比之下，尽管最近的劳动力移民使许多日本直辖市面临着与更长期的移民接收社会的门户城市相同的多样性挑战，但日本地方政府出人意料地鼓励了外国人的政治参与并适应了他们的文化差异。日本六座城市的历史和政策，发现传统的看法可以预测相似的政策结果，即在移民人口和政治，社会和经济历史几乎相同的邻近城市中，神户和大阪是显着差异，而传统智慧可以预测相似的政策结果主要是第二次世界大战前的朝鲜人定居点，丰田和滨松是最近的日本-巴西定居点，横滨和川崎是移民人口混杂的城市。分析表明，每个城市当今政策方法的差异都可以追溯到在促进移民倡导工作的早期阶段做出的战略决策。例如，早期移民激进主义者通过缓和权利主张并与城市管理者合作成为城市服务提供者而优先考虑代表的城市，这些城市最终奉行更具包容性，真正的多元文化政策。本研究的意义有两方面。首先，与先前的奖学金描绘了日本的民间社会被国家包容，并且主要受到而不是影响国家政策的影响相比，这项研究表明，移民公民协会可以通过在官僚渠道内工作来有效地表达自己的声音，并且与日本公民的亲近程度接近。国家实际上可以赋予他们与日本社会地位不成比例的影响力。其次，通过显示移民融合政策的变化更多地来自移民本身的公民身份目标，而不是政策制定者的目标，本研究挑战了关于东道国社会中政治，经济和社会条件对移民施加的僵化机会和制约因素的假设的政治效力。即使在最具挑战性的政治环境中，日本的外国居民及其支持者也已经找到了影响政策的方法。他们成功主张成员身份要求使日本将国籍权与国籍地位的传统联系复杂化，并提出了关于在没有正式机构来整合移民的国家中国籍意味着什么的疑问。

著录项

  • 作者

    Haig, Kenneth G. R.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Berkeley.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Berkeley.;
  • 学科 Political Science General.;Sociology Ethnic and Racial Studies.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 411 p.
  • 总页数 411
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号