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首页> 外文学位 >Semiochemicals of the Asian longhorned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky), (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae).
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Semiochemicals of the Asian longhorned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky), (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae).

机译：亚洲长角甲虫Anoplophora glabripennis（Motschulsky）（鞘翅目：Cerambycidae）的化学信息素。

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摘要

Semiochemicals of the Asian longhorned beetle (ALB) were studied. Native to Asia and introduced to Europe and North America, this polyphagous xylophage poses a grave threat to forests as it is capable of killing trees across several genera. In N.A., quarantines and eradication programs have been initiated since its 1996 discovery, and a large research effort launched to understand host-plant relations in the USA and China, as well as potential pheromone attractants. A female contact sex pheromone and male-produced sex pheromone were identified, but the potential for practical use is hindered because evidence suggests these sex pheromones are contact and short-range cues, respectively. To investigate potential long-range volatile attractants, gas chromatography coupled electroantennograhy (GC-EAD) was used to screen for insect semiochemicals. A discriminant analysis (DA) of antennally active plant volatiles demonstrated the presence of cis-3-hexen-1-ol, camphene, linalool, delta-3-carene, and trans-caryophyllene discriminated hosts from non-hosts. Using ozonolysis of female extracts, GC-EAD analyses demonstrated that male antennae can perceive three aldehydes which result from the oxidation of female contact sex pheromones Z-9-C23, Z-9-C25, Z-7-C 25, Z-9-C27, and Z-7-C27. Given the diurnal activity of beetles in the crowns of trees, this underlying hypothesis tested: female contact sex pheromones oxidize to form functionalized, volatile sex pheromones. Y-maze olfactometer lab bioassays using ozonized female extracts vs. crude female extracts, and synthetic aldehydes vs. controls suggest that males orient towards female-produced volatiles. Field bioassays in China utilizing flight-intercept panel traps baited with lures containing synthetic aldehydes and host kairomones + linalool oxide captured significantly more beetles compared to controls, and captured significantly more males than females. To further evaluate potential precursors of female pheromones, a DA of cuticular hydrocarbons of beetles grouped by sex, age, and mating status was completed. The results reveal that a tricosene and a tricosadiene discriminate female age by appearing in older females. Z-7-heptacosene, heptacosyne, and a nonacosene discriminate female mating status, since they decline precipitously following mating. Mating behavioral assays, using sample groups from the DA, determined males preferentially mate with 11-17 d virgin female freeze-killed beetles cf other sample groups or extracts. Field bioassays evaluating oxidized virgin female extracts captured more males than females, but overall mean trap catch was not significant. However, these new potential precursors may be important in long-range virgin female mate finding. Finally, a model is proposed for chemically mediated behaviors involved in ALB reproduction.
机译：研究了亚洲长角甲虫（ALB）的化学信息素。这种多食性木噬菌体原产于亚洲，并传入欧洲和北美，对森林构成了严重威胁，因为它能够杀死多个属的树木。自从1996年发现以来，在N.A.已启动了隔离和根除计划，并开展了大量研究工作，以了解美国和中国的寄主与植物的关系以及潜在的信息素引诱剂。确定了雌性接触性信息素和雄性产生的性信息素，但由于有证据表明这些性信息素分别是接触性信息和短距离信息，因此实际使用的潜力受到了阻碍。为了研究潜在的远距离挥发性引诱剂，使用了气相色谱-耦合电抗诱剂（GC-EAD）来筛选昆虫化学信息素。具有天线活性的植物挥发物的判别分析（DA）表明，从非寄主中区分出了cis-3-hexen-1-ol，camphene，linalool，delta-3-carene和trans-caryophyllene区分的寄主。使用雌性提取物的臭氧分解法，GC-EAD分析表明，雄性触角可感知三种由雌性接触性信息素Z-9-C23，Z-9-C25，Z-7-C 25，Z-9氧化而产生的醛。 -C27和Z-7-C27。考虑到甲虫在树冠中的昼夜活动，这一基本假设得到检验：女性接触性信息素氧化形成功能化的挥发性性信息素。 Y迷宫嗅觉仪实验室生物测定法使用臭氧化的雌性提取物对比粗制的雌性提取物，以及合成醛与对照相比，表明雄性倾向于雌性产生的挥发物。在中国，利用拦截诱饵的诱捕飞行器进行田间生物测定，诱捕器诱捕含有合成醛和宿主海洛酮+芳樟醇氧化物的诱饵，与对照组相比，捕获的甲虫要多得多，而捕获的雄性则要多于雌性。为了进一步评估雌性信息素的潜在前体，完成了按性别，年龄和交配状态分组的甲虫表皮碳氢化合物的DA。结果显示，二十三烯和三二十二烯通过出现在老年女性中来区分女性年龄。 Z-7-庚三烯，庚三烯和壬二烯可区分雌性交配状态，因为它们在交配后急剧下降。使用来自DA的样品组进行交配行为分析，确定雄性与其他样品组或提取物优先与11-17天初生雌性冻干甲虫交配。现场生物测定评估了氧化的原始雌性提取物，捕获的雄性多于雌性，但总体平均陷阱捕获量并不显着。但是，这些新的潜在前体可能在远距离初次寻找雌性伴侣中很重要。最后，提出了一种模型，用于涉及ALB繁殖的化学介导行为。

著录项

  • 作者

    Wickham, Jacob D.;

  • 作者单位

    State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry.;

  • 授予单位 State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry.;
  • 学科 Biology Ecology.;Chemistry Organic.;Biology Entomology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 190 p.
  • 总页数 190
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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