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Political communication systems and voter participation.

机译：政治沟通系统和选民参与。

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摘要

This dissertation explores how institutional settings regulating the media and campaigns affect voter participation. The broader question is what types of political communication systems are likely to produce the most engaged and participatory citizens as well as equal participation. Assuming that political participation is affected by its underlying costs and benefits, I hypothesize that political communication systems that lower information costs for voters have higher turnout levels and reduce upper class bias. Political communication systems are measured by media systems, access to paid TV advertising, and campaign finance laws. In the country-level turnout models, investigating seventy-four electoral democracies, I find that public broadcasting systems increase voter turnout, while changing the effect of paid advertising. Public broadcasting systems that allow paid TV advertising have a higher turnout levels than those ban paid advertising. Conversely, paid advertising in private broadcasting systems have a negative marginal effect on voter turnout. On the other hand, campaign finance laws that allow more money to enter election campaigns increase voter participation. So campaign contribution and spending limits depress turnout and public finance increases it. The hierarchical models in Chapter 6 show that political communication systems also change the relationship between individual socioeconomic status and voter participation. Generally political communication environment that lower information costs for voters reduces socioeconomic bias for voters. Public broadcasting systems, access to paid TV ads, and free TV time, thus, mitigate the effect of education on voting. Additional investigation also shows that the age gap between voters and nonvoters is conditioned by different types of political communication systems. Both partisan press and public direct funding promote younger citizens' participation, thus decreasing the generation gap. In contrast, campaign contribution/expenditure limits enlarge such gap. Broadcasting systems also affect the effect of age on voting. Because older people spend more time on watching television than younger ones, the type of broadcasting system has a disproportionately larger impact on older citizens.
机译：本文探讨了规范媒体和竞选活动的制度环境如何影响选民的参与。更为广泛的问题是，哪种类型的政治传播系统有可能产生最富参与性和参与性的公民以及平等的参与。假设政治参与受到其潜在成本和收益的影响，我假设降低选民信息成本的政治传播系统具有更高的投票率并减少了上层阶级的偏见。政治传播系统由媒体系统，对付费电视广告的访问以及竞选财务法律来衡量。在调查74个选举民主国家的国家级投票率模型中，我发现公共广播系统增加了选民投票率，同时改变了付费广告的效果。允许付费电视广告的公共广播系统的投票率高于禁止付费广告的公共广播系统。相反，私人广播系统中的付费广告对选民投票率有负面影响。另一方面，允许更多资金参与竞选活动的竞选财务法增加了选民的参与度。因此，竞选捐款和支出限制会降低投票率，而公共财政会增加投票率。第6章中的等级模型表明，政治传播系统还改变了个人社会经济地位与选民参与之间的关系。通常，降低选民信息成本的政治交流环境会减少选民的社会经济偏见。公共广播系统，付费电视广告的访问以及免费的电视时间，因此减轻了教育对投票的影响。进一步的调查还显示，选民和未投票者之间的年龄差距是由不同类型的政治传播系统决定的。党派的新闻和公共直接资助都促进了年轻人的参与，从而缩小了代沟。相反，竞选捐款/支出限制扩大了这种差距。广播系统还影响年龄对投票的影响。因为老年人比年轻人花费更多的时间在看电视上，所以广播系统的类型对老年人的影响更大。

著录项

  • 作者

    Baek, Mijeong.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Texas at Austin.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Texas at Austin.;
  • 学科 Political Science General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 161 p.
  • 总页数 161
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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