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Exploiting Science: Enhancing the Safety Training of Pilots to Reduce the Risk of Bird Strikes

机译：利用科学：加强飞行员的安全培训以减少鸟击的风险

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摘要

Analysis of bird strikes to aviation in the U.S. from 1990 to 2015 indicate that the successful mitigation efforts at airports, which must be sustained, have reduced incidents with damage and a negative effect-on-flight since 2000. However, such efforts have done little to reduce strikes outside the airport jurisdiction, such as occurred with US Airways Flight 1549 in 2009. There are basically three strategies to mitigate the risk of bird strikes: standards set by aviation authorities, technology, and actions by crewmembers. Pilots play an important role as stakeholders in the prevention of bird strikes, especially outside the airport environment. Thus, safety efforts require enhanced risk management and aeronautical decision-making training for flight crews. The purpose of this study was to determine if a safety training protocol could effectively enhance CFR Part 141 general aviation pilots' knowledge and skills to reduce the risk of bird strikes to aviation. Participants were recruited from the Purdue University professional flight program and from Purdue Aviation. The researcher of this study used a pretest posttest experimental design. Additionally, qualitative data were collected through open-ended questions in the pretest, posttest, and a follow-up survey questionnaire. The participants' pretest and posttest scores were analyzed using parametric and nonparametric tests. Results indicated a significant increase in the posttest scores of the experimental group. An investigation of qualitative data showed that the topic "safety management of bird hazards by pilots" is barely covered during the ground and flight training of pilots. Furthermore, qualitative data suggest a misperception of the safety culture tenets and a poor familiarity with the safety risk management process regarding bird hazards. Finally, the researcher presented recommendations for practice and future research.
机译：对1990年至2015年美国航空鸟罢工的分析表明，自2000年以来，在机场必须持续进行的成功的减缓努力已减少了损害事故和对飞行的负面影响。然而，这种努力几乎没有做为了减少机场管辖范围以外的罢工，例如2009年美国航空公司1549航班发生的事故。基本上有三种降低鸟类罢工风险的策略：航空当局制定的标准，技术以及机组人员采取的行动。作为利益相关者，飞行员在预防鸟击（尤其是在机场环境之外）方面发挥着重要作用。因此，安全工作需要对飞行机组人员加强风险管理和航空决策培训。这项研究的目的是确定安全培训规程是否可以有效地提高CFR第141部分的通用航空飞行员的知识和技能，以减少对航空器造成鸟击的风险。参与者是从普渡大学专业飞行计划和普渡航空中招募的。这项研究的研究人员使用了前测后测实验设计。此外，定性数据是通过前测，后测和后续调查问卷中的开放式问题收集的。使用参数和非参数测试分析参与者的测试前和测试后分数。结果表明实验组的测试后分数显着增加。对定性数据的调查显示，在飞行员的地面和飞行训练中，“飞行员的鸟类危害的安全管理”主题几乎没有涉及。此外，定性数据表明对安全文化原则的误解以及对鸟类危害的安全风险管理流程的不熟悉。最后，研究人员提出了有关实践和未来研究的建议。

著录项

  • 作者

    Mendonca, Flavio A. C.;

  • 作者单位

    Purdue University.;

  • 授予单位 Purdue University.;
  • 学科 Aerospace engineering.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2017
  • 页码 217 p.
  • 总页数 217
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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