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首页> 外文学位 >One-way to two-way street conversions as a preservation and downtown revitalization tool: The case study of Upper King Street, Charleston, South Carolina.
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One-way to two-way street conversions as a preservation and downtown revitalization tool: The case study of Upper King Street, Charleston, South Carolina.

机译：将单向街道转换为双向街道，以保护和振兴市区：南卡罗来纳州查尔斯顿的上国王街案例研究。

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In the first half of the twentieth century, historic urban areas in America were retrofitted to accommodate a mass amount of automobile traffic. These retrofits came in the form of highways, thruways, and one-way streets. Many historic commercial streets in American downtowns were converted to one-way streets, because of traffic engineers' narrow perspectives. After decades of decline, largely linked to automobile dominance, downtown economic revitalization emerged in the 1990s. One technique that appears to be remarkably successful is the re-conversion of one-way streets to two-way streets.;One-way streets allow for greater traffic capacity and higher automobile speeds, while two-way streets provide the same functionality, while also increasing pedestrian safety and business visibility, essentials for successful downtowns. In 2002, the National Trust's Main Street program, dedicated to the preservation and revitalization of historic commercial streets, acknowledged the use of one-way to two-way conversions, but declared the need for more research on the topic in 2002.;Charleston, South Carolina's major downtown retail center is the historic King Street corridor. Over time, King Street has undergone numerous transportation changes and traffic patterns. In 1956 a section of Upper King Street was converted to one-way traffic, to serve as an arterial road, negatively affected the street's intended purpose as a business corridor. The area subsequently became unattractive, dangerous, and economically unsuccessful. Along with other revitalization methods, Upper King Street was reconverted to two-way traffic in 1994. Because of this conversion, the area has regained its status as a cultural and retail hub in the City of Charleston.;In order to include the case study of Charleston's Upper King Street in the discussion of downtown revitalization and historic preservation through traffic calming methods, this thesis includes a comparison of one-way to two-way streets as commercial corridors and a report on the history and practice of such conversions. Following these informational chapters, this thesis presents a detailed history of Upper King Street from 1950 to 1990, including major economic, transportation and preservation actions. While the project is generally considered a success, no previous statistical analysis has been available to validate this conclusion. Included in this thesis is an analysis of business type, vacancy rates, and a regression model of real estate prices for proving the significance of the conversion on property values. This analysis reveals that the 1994 one-way to two-way conversion was significant in contributing to the enhancement of the property values of properties on King Street.;Beyond, an increase in property values, the one-way to two-way conversion of Upper King Street, generated a new interest in the commercial properties along the street, increased pedestrian activity of the area because of increased safety and general attractiveness, and has acted as catalyst in the further preservation of the storefronts lining Charleston's most recognizable street.
机译：在20世纪上半叶，对美国历史悠久的市区进行了改造，以容纳大量的汽车交通。这些改造以高速公路，高速公路和单向街道的形式出现。由于交通工程师的狭窄视野，美国市区的许多历史悠久的商业街都被改成单向街。在经历了几十年的下滑之后，1990年代出现了市区经济复兴，这主要与汽车的主导地位有关。一种似乎非常成功的技术是将单向街道转换为两向街道;单向街道可提供更大的通行能力和更高的汽车行驶速度，而双向街道可提供相同的功能，而还提高了行人安全和商业知名度，这是成功市区的必要条件。 2002年，美国国家信托基金会（National Trust）的“ Main Street”计划致力于保护和振兴历史悠久的商业街，该计划承认使用单向转换为双向转换，但在2002年宣布有必要对该主题进行更多的研究。南卡罗来纳州主要的市中心零售中心是历史悠久的国王街走廊。随着时间的流逝，国王街经历了许多交通变化和交通方式。 1956年，上金街的一部分改成单向交通，作为主干道，对这条街作为商业走廊的原定目的产生了负面影响。随后该区域变得没有吸引力，危险并且在经济上不成功。与其他振兴方法一起，Upper King Street于1994年被转换为双向交通。由于这种转换，该地区重新获得了其在查尔斯顿市的文化和零售枢纽的地位。查尔斯顿的上金街（Upper King Street）在讨论通过交通缓解方法振兴市区和保护历史时，这篇论文包括对单向和双向街道作为商业走廊的比较，以及有关这种转换的历史和实践的报告。在这些信息性章节之后，本文介绍了1950年至1990年上国王街的详细历史，包括主要的经济，运输和保护活动。虽然该项目通常被认为是成功的，但是以前没有统计分析可用于验证该结论。本文包括对业务类型，空置率和房地产价格回归模型的分析，以证明转换对房地产价值的重要性。该分析表明，1994年的单向转换为改善King Street物业的资产价值做出了重大贡献;此外，物业价值的增加是，King Street的单向转换上国王街（Upper King Street）对这条街上的商业地产产生了新的兴趣，由于提高了安全性和吸引力，该地区的行人活动增加，并在进一步保护查尔斯顿最知名的街道两旁的店面方面起到了催化剂的作用。

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