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Three essays on food insecurity and child welfare.

机译：关于粮食不安全和儿童福利的三篇论文。

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摘要

Three major issues affecting the welfare of children are investigated in three papers in this dissertation. These issues are the intra-household allocation of resources, food insecurity and obesity. The first two papers are focused on the issue of intra-household allocation of food resources and food insecurity in a developing country setting, namely Zimbabwe, while the relationship between food insecurity and obesity is investigated n the United States.;In the first paper, a 2004 household survey of children in Zimbabwe is utilized to investigate differences in self-reports of food insecurity. A bivariate ordered probit regression is utilized to investigate any differences in reports of food insecurity between boys and girls. Findings reveal that all categories of children report roughly the same level of food security with the exception of orphan girls, who are significantly more likely to report food insecurity.;The second paper is also focused on the intra-household allocation of food, this time between adults and children. Bivariate comparisons are utilized to highlight the magnitude of differences in the perception of food inadequacy and food insecurity, while bivariate probit regressions provide more insight into sources of these differences. Children are more likely than adults to report food security, although the differences are not uniform across households. A substantial number of households have children who are food inadequate or food insecure while the adult is not. In addition, there is evidence of a tendency to protect younger children and discriminate against female orphans in food distribution.;The third paper utilizes nonparametric approaches and two nationally representative data sets to investigate the relationship between food insecurity and obesity in the United States. Nonparametric approaches are utilized to portray possible subtleties in the relationship between food insecurity and obesity over the full range of body mass index (BMI)-based percentiles of children in different racial and socioeconomic categories. The relationship between food insecurity and childhood obesity is revealed to be nonlinear and complex. More specifically, there is a strong positive association between food insecurity and age-gender based BMI percentiles for children who are low food secure or very low food secure. This positive association is consistent across a range of racial and socio-economic subgroups, and also across both data sets.
机译：本文在三篇论文中研究了影响儿童福利的三个主要问题。这些问题是家庭内部分配资源，粮食不安全和肥胖。前两篇论文的重点是在津巴布韦这样的发展中国家，在家庭内部分配粮食资源和粮食不安全问题，而美国则对粮食不安全和肥胖之间的关系进行了研究。 2004年，津巴布韦对儿童的家庭调查被用来调查粮食不安全状况自我报告中的差异。利用双变量有序概率回归分析调查男孩和女孩之间在粮食不安全报告方面的任何差异。研究结果表明，除了孤儿女孩以外，所有类别的儿童都报告了大致相同的粮食安全水平，而孤儿女孩则更可能报告粮食不安全问题。;第二篇论文的重点是这次家庭内部分配食物成人和儿童之间。利用双变量比较可以突出显示人们对食物不足和粮食不安全感的差异程度，而双变量概率回归可以更深入地了解这些差异的来源。尽管家庭之间的差异并不统一，但儿童比成年人更有可能报告粮食安全问题。相当多的家庭有孩子，他们的食物不足或食物不安全，而成年人则没有。此外，有证据表明，在食品分配中有保护年幼儿童并歧视女性孤儿的趋势。非参数方法被用来描绘在不同种族和社会经济类别的儿童中，在基于身体质量指数（BMI）的整个百分位数的整个范围内，粮食不安全与肥胖之间关系的细微差别。粮食不安全与儿童肥胖之间的关系被发现是非线性和复杂的。更具体地说，对于食品安全性差或食品安全性差的儿童，食品不安全与基于年龄性别的BMI百分位数之间存在密切的正相关关系。这种积极的联系在一系列种族和社会经济子群体之间以及在两个数据集中都是一致的。

著录项

  • 作者

    Kuku, Oluyemisi.;

  • 作者单位

    Iowa State University.;

  • 授予单位 Iowa State University.;
  • 学科 Economics General.;Economics Theory.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 162 p.
  • 总页数 162
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 经济学;经济学;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:38:29

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