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Self-assembly of nanostructured materials.

机译：纳米结构材料的自组装。

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摘要

Molecular and supramolecular switches are single molecules capable of changing their shape reversibly in response to external stimuli, such as light and redox potential. As such, they are considered essential building blocks for molecular nanotechnology. On the other hand, metal nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted tremendous attention during the past decade for their size-dependent, novel optical, electronic, and catalytic properties. Integration of these two groups of components (Chapter One) from the worlds of organic chemistry and materials science would allow us to engineer new materials and applications.;In this Dissertation, I describe the synthesis of new materials that combine the beneficial characteristic of both the organic (molecular and supramolecular switches) and the inorganic (metal NPs) components. The first group of switches I consider (Chapter Two) are redox-controlled pseudorotaxanes -- that is, supramolecular entities composed of a linear component, onto which a macrocyclic ring is threaded. These pseudorotaxanes have been used to self-assemble NPs into polygonal structures (such as NP dimers, trimers, and tetramers; Chapter Three), as well as for the construction of NP "sponges" capable of reversibly capturing and releasing NPs of different types "on demand" (Chapter Four). The second group of switches are photoresponsive azobenzenes. Attachment of photoswitches to NPs has enabled an unprecedented control of self-assembly of NPs using light (light-induced self-assembly; LISA; Chapter Five). Importantly, the assembly process is accompanied by pronounced color changes. Based on this observation, I have developed an information storage medium in which the information can be stored for prescribed periods of time (Chapter Six), as well as temperature sensors (Chapter Seven). Moreover, the LISA process was used to prepare NP-based nanostructures with unique, plastic properties (supraspheres; Chapter Eight). These supraspheres were then used as versatile precursors of nanoporous metal foams (Chapter Nine), one- and two-dimensional NP assemblies (Chapter Ten), as well as novel heterodimeric nanostructures (Chapter Eleven).
机译：分子和超分子开关是能够响应外部刺激（例如光和氧化还原电势）可逆地改变其形状的单个分子。因此，它们被认为是分子纳米技术必不可少的组成部分。另一方面，在过去的十年中，金属纳米粒子（NPs）因其尺寸依赖性，新颖的光学，电子和催化特性而引起了极大的关注。有机化学和材料科学领域的这两类组分的集成（第一章）将使我们能够设计出新的材料和应用。有机（分子和超分子开关）和无机（金属NPs）成分。我认为的第一组开关（第二章）是氧化还原控制的假轮烷-即由线性成分组成的超分子实体，大环环穿过该超分子实体。这些伪轮烷已被用于将NP自组装成多边形结构（例如NP二聚体，三聚体和四聚体；第三章），还用于构建能够可逆地捕获和释放不同类型NP的NP“海绵”。按需”（第四章）。第二组开关是光响应性偶氮苯。将光电开关安装到NP上已实现了前所未有的使用光控制NP的自组装（光诱导自组装； LISA；第五章）。重要的是，组装过程中会伴有明显的颜色变化。基于这种观察，我开发了一种信息存储介质以及温度传感器（第七章），该信息可以在规定的时间段内存储信息（第六章）。此外，LISA工艺用于制备具有独特塑性特性的NP基纳米结构（超球；第八章）。这些超球体随后被用作纳米多孔金属泡沫（第9章），一维和二维NP组件（第10章）以及新型异二聚体纳米结构（第11章）的通用前体。

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  • 作者

    Klajn, Rafal.;

  • 作者单位

    Northwestern University.;

  • 授予单位 Northwestern University.;
  • 学科 Chemistry Inorganic.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 224 p.
  • 总页数 224
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:38:26

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