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The origin, measurement and fate of volatiles in hydrothermal systems through plume studies, time series analysis and sensor development.

机译：通过羽流研究，时间序列分析和传感器开发，热液系统中挥发物的起源，测量和结局。

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摘要

Hydrothermal circulation links crustal and magmatic processes with the ocean, atmosphere and biosphere. The volatile contents of hydrothermal fluids are an important aspect of the study of these systems. The flux of volatiles from the mantle can be tracked through the chemistry of these fluids, which carry mantle derived carbon dioxide and helium. Water rock reactions at high temperature control much of the chemistry of hydrothermal fluids, including hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide concentrations. Methane is both produced through microbial and abiogenic processes, and along with hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and hydrogen, supports chemosynthetic communities. In addition, phase separation has enormous impacts on the chemistry of hydrothermal fluids, and can be tracked through the study of their volatile components. In short, the study of volatiles touches on many of the major processes which influence hydrothermal chemistry, and ultimately, the chemistry of the ocean.;There are several techniques that can be used to approach the study of hydrothermal volatiles. Hydrothermal plumes integrate signals on intermediate spatial and temporal scales and are logistically simple targets for sampling. A plume study on the East Pacific Rise sheds light on the origin and fate of methane associated with volcanic eruptions. Alternatively, discrete gas tight samples have been collected at the Main Endeavour Field for many years. These time series data reveal details about the effects on the fluid chemistry of processes such as water rock interactions, phase separation, sediment interaction and magmatic activity. Finally, the analysis of available data from discrete samples highlights the need for instrument development. New in-situ instrumentation, such as the carbon dioxide sensor described here will be increasingly important in the future of hydrothermal studies.
机译：热液循环将地壳和岩浆过程与海洋，大气和生物圈联系起来。热液的挥发性含量是研究这些系统的重要方面。可以通过这些流体的化学性质来追踪来自地幔的挥发物通量，这些流体携带着由地幔衍生的二氧化碳和氦气。高温下的水岩石反应控制了热液的大部分化学反应，包括氢气和硫化氢的浓度。甲烷是通过微生物和非生物生成过程产生的，并与硫化氢，氨和氢一起支持化学合成群落。另外，相分离对热液的化学性质有很大的影响，并且可以通过研究其挥发性成分来追踪。简而言之，挥发物的研究涉及影响水热化学的许多主要过程，最终影响海洋的化学。有几种技术可以用来研究热液挥发物。热液羽流在时空尺度上整合信号，并且在逻辑上是简单的采样目标。对东太平洋上升区的羽流研究揭示了与火山喷发有关的甲烷的起源和命运。另外，已经在Main Endeavor油田收集了不连续的气密样品已有很多年了。这些时间序列数据揭示了有关过程流体化学影响的详细信息，例如水岩相互作用，相分离，沉积物相互作用和岩浆活动。最后，对离散样本中可用数据的分析强调了仪器开发的必要性。在水热研究的未来，新的现场仪器（例如此处所述的二氧化碳传感器）将变得越来越重要。

著录项

  • 作者

    Love, Brooke.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Washington.;

  • 授予单位 University of Washington.;
  • 学科 Geochemistry.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 176 p.
  • 总页数 176
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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