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首页> 外文学位 >Analyse d'implantation d'un systeme de gestion integree en environnement et en sante et securite du travail.
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Analyse d'implantation d'un systeme de gestion integree en environnement et en sante et securite du travail.

机译：分析环境与职业健康与安全综合管理系统的实施情况。

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摘要

Integrated environmental, health and safety management systems (IMS) are a new management paradigm of modern organizations. These systems are built mainly from the ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 norms, which are based on risk prevention and the precautionary principles. Our research questions address the mode of implementation, the degree of implementation and the effects of the IMS, as well as the contextual factors whose influence on the implementation help explain the variations in the degree of implementation and the effects of the IMS.;In order to analyze the degree of the IMS implementation, we have taken into consideration two aspects of the process: The effort of structuring the IMS and the scope of utilization of the implemented processes. Our results showed evidence of variation in the degree of IMS implementation; this variation was observed among the plants as well as among the processes implemented at each one of the five IMS steps. The analysis of discourses has allowed the production of five hypotheses that support IMS structuring and utilization.;IMS implementation was influenced by political, structural and organizational factors. These factors have played their influence by catalyzing non-linear interactions, during which their influence could be neutralized, added or reinforced, hence generating variations in the degree of implementation. Facilitating factors have affected the effort of IMS structuring and included: experience working with management system, upper management commitment, implication of union or of health and safety committee representatives, organizational structure, level of education, plant age and plant size. Inhibiting factors have affected mainly the utilization of implemented processes. These factors included: procedural heaviness, lack of time, lack of training, lack of resource, organizational culture, organizational structure, intergeneration gap and lack of union implication.;Three proximal effects anticipated by the organization under study were observed. (i) Increase in the rigor of management is an effect which was associated with the application of IMS requirements. It implied EHS governance, integrated management mechanisms and production processes (ii) Standardization is an effect which was associated rather with the implementation mode. It implied EHS practices, tools, work methods and organization of resources. (iii) Rupture of departmental silo is an effect associated with the mode of implementation. It involved organizational structures, professional boundaries and the working relations and climate. These proximal effects have induced several emerging effects, which were more distal. These were: increased control power of the union; increased legitimacy of recommendations by EHS professionals; creation of inter-organizational network and knowledge transfer.;Our results indicate two implementation modes: the enrichment mode and the fusion mode, both related to the functional structures in place. Despite its aim of continuous improvement, the IMS was unable to reconcile the two traditional approaches of top down and bottom up, which have dominated this implementation which was supported by four strategies: economy of resources, control of influence, low hanging fruits and the small steps strategy.;The implementation of an integrated management system in environment, occupational health and safety has transformed EHS governance and practice in all seven plants. Improvement of EHS risk management was an expected effect but was not observed at the moment of our study. Several contextual factors may have intervened to alter its occurrence. To this regard, knowledge transfer, reinforced by the emergence of intra-organizational networks, seem to offer a very promising and affordable alternative. This is one of the contributions of our study research, which, in addition has (i) proposed a nomenclature to classify the modes of implementation and effects of IMS (ii) proposed a detailed method to appreciate the degree of implementation (iii) stated the roles played by contextual factors in explaining variations in the degree of IMS implementation and in the production of effects (iv) proposed a hypothesis on IMS structuring and utilization (v) through the diversity of our sample, offered a plural and sound perspective on the dynamics of IMS implementation. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).
机译：集成的环境，健康和安全管理系统（IMS）是现代组织的新管理范例。这些系统主要基于ISO 14001和OHSAS 18001规范构建，这些规范基于风险预防和预防原则。我们的研究问题涉及IMS的实现方式，实现程度和效果以及影响实现的上下文因素，这些因素有助于解释IMS的实现程度和效果的变化。为了分析IMS实施的程度，我们考虑了流程的两个方面：IMS的结构设计工作以及所实施流程的利用范围。我们的结果表明IMS实施程度存在差异。在工厂之间以及在IMS的五个步骤中的每个步骤执行的过程之间都观察到了这种差异。话语分析允许产生支持IMS构建和使用的五个假设。IMS的实施受到政治，结构和组织因素的影响。这些因素通过催化非线性相互作用发挥了作用，在此期间，它们的影响可以被抵消，增加或增强，因此在实现程度上产生了差异。促进因素影响了IMS的结构工作，包括：与管理系统合作的经验，高层管理者的承诺，工会或健康与安全委员会代表的影响，组织结构，教育程度，工厂年龄和工厂规模。抑制因素主要影响已实施流程的利用率。这些因素包括：程序繁重，缺乏时间，缺乏培训，缺乏资源，组织文化，组织结构，代际差距和缺乏工会影响。；观察到了研究组织预期的三个近端影响。 （i）严格管理的增加是与应用IMS要求有关的影响。它暗示了EHS治理，集成的管理机制和生产流程（ii）标准化是一种与实施模式有关的影响。它暗示了EHS实践，工具，工作方法和资源的组织。 （iii）部门筒仓的破裂是与执行模式有关的影响。它涉及组织结构，专业界限以及工作关系和气候。这些近端效应引起了一些新兴的效应，而这些效应更为远端。它们是：增强了工会的控制权； EHS专业人士提出的建议更加合法；我们的研究结果表明了两种实现模式：丰富模式和融合模式，两者都与适当的功能结构有关。尽管IMS的目标是不断改进，但它仍无法协调自上而下和自下而上的两种传统方法，该方法主导了此实施，并由以下四项策略支持：资源经济，影响控制，悬而未决和小规模在环境，职业健康和安全方面的综合管理体系的实施已经改变了所有七个工厂的EHS治理和实践。改善EHS风险管理是预期的效果，但在我们的研究中并未观察到。可能有几种上下文因素干预以改变其发生。在这方面，组织内部网络的出现加强了知识转移，似乎提供了非常有前途和负担得起的选择。这是我们研究研究的贡献之一，此外，它（i）提出了对IMS的实现方式和效果进行分类的命名法（ii）提出了一种详细的方法来了解IMS的实现程度（iii）指出了背景因素在解释IMS实施程度和效果产生中的变化中发挥的作用（iv）通过我们样本的多样性提出了关于IMS结构和利用的假设（v），提供了关于动态的多元且合理的观点IMS实现。 （摘要由UMI缩短。）。

著录项

  • 作者

    Savary, Saode.;

  • 作者单位

    Universite de Montreal (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 Universite de Montreal (Canada).;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Public Health.;Health Sciences Occupational Health and Safety.;Environmental Health.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 576 p.
  • 总页数 576
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 肿瘤学;
  • 关键词

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