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Application of coherent radar using stepped frequency modulation: An evaluation of a practical, narrowband design.

机译：相干雷达在步进频率调制中的应用：对实用的窄带设计的评估。

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摘要

Coherent radar is poised to supersede traditional (typically magnetron-based) radar in a vast array of applications, that until recently could not bear the high cost of coherence. The reason for this is that the wireless communications age has accelerated the development of enabling technologies and tremendously improved associated costs.;Coherent radar systems are capable of equaling or exceeding the performance of traditional radar, at power levels reduced by up to several orders of magnitude. To accomplish this, an equivalent energy is distributed over time using special modulation schemes, such as stepped-frequency-modulation (SFM). SFM is a multi-parameter waveform, so much of the understanding of the effects of different parameter sets can be attained through simulation and investigation of ambiguity responses. Such investigation led to the development of generalized ambiguity patterns for SFM that provide a reference for understanding the impact of changing the waveform parameters. SFM can also be inherently exploited in receiver design since its bandwidth is linearly distributed over time. Therefore, a receiver can be dynamically and synchronously tuned so that instantaneous reception is over a narrow bandwidth---effecting cost savings in the digitizing hardware. An algorithm has been developed, called an isomorphic matched filter, to support this method.;To investigate the practical aspects of coherent radar, a research program was launched at C-CORE to design and implement a radar prototype and conduct a field assessment. This research program yielded a working prototype that was subjected to a variety of field exercises. The results showed that the performance, in terms of range and Doppler resolutions, predicted by theory and simulation was indeed realizable, and with a radar platform constructed for moderate cost.;An SFM-based, scanning, coherent radar carries many configuration possibilities. A simple model was developed to consider various parameter sets associated with the SFM waveform and the scanning platform. The model predicts achievable resolutions and range constraints in particular. One interesting finding is that the SFM waveform does not lend itself, simultaneously, to target detection at both short range and long range, and that the signal parameters can only be optimized for one or the other. Operationally, this implies that if both near range and far range data is needed, strategies must be decided upon to render such data to the user (e.g., alternate the parameter set in successive scans).;While the radar prototype was well-suited to fulfilling the objectives of the research program, it is not in a form suitable for demonstration in real operational scenarios. To accommodate this, the next design iteration must incorporate the following elements: azimuth scanning; a much higher level of integration in the hardware; and, support for real-time processing and rendering of the radar output. This research provides a sound foundation for further development and commercial exploitation of SFM-based coherent radar. It is recommended that such development focus on producing a prototype that can be placed in real operational scenarios in order to fully assess the utility of the technology.
机译：相干雷达已准备好在众多应用中取代传统的（通常是基于磁控管的）雷达，直到最近，这种雷达都无法承受高相干成本。其原因是无线通信时代加速了使能技术的发展，并极大地提高了相关成本。相干雷达系统能够在功率水平降低多达几个数量级的情况下达到或超过传统雷达的性能。 。为此，使用特殊的调制方案（例如步进频率调制（SFM））在时间上分配等效能量。 SFM是一个多参数波形，因此可以通过模拟和研究歧义响应来获得对不同参数集影响的大部分理解。这种调查导致了SFM的广义歧义模式的发展，这些模式为理解更改波形参数的影响提供了参考。由于SFM的带宽随时间线性分布，因此也可以在接收机设计中固有地利用SFM。因此，可以动态且同步地调整接收器，以便瞬时接收在狭窄的带宽上进行，从而节省了数字化硬件的成本。已经开发出一种算法，称为同构匹配滤波器，以支持该方法。为了研究相干雷达的实际方面，C-CORE启动了一个研究程序，以设计和实现雷达原型并进行现场评估。该研究程序产生了一个工作原型，该原型经受了各种野外练习。结果表明，通过理论和仿真预测，在距离和多普勒分辨率方面的性能确实是可以实现的，并且具有以适中的成本构建的雷达平台。基于SFM的扫描相干雷达具有许多配置可能性。开发了一个简单的模型来考虑与SFM波形和扫描平台相关的各种参数集。该模型特别预测可实现的分辨率和范围约束。一个有趣的发现是，SFM波形无法同时用于短距离和长距离的目标检测，并且信号参数只能针对一个或另一个进行优化。在操作上，这意味着如果需要近距离和远距离数据，则必须决定采取策略将这些数据呈现给用户（例如，在连续扫描中交替使用参数集）。虽然雷达原型非常适合于为了实现研究计划的目标，它的形式并不适合在实际操作场景中进行演示。为了适应这一点，下一个设计迭代必须包含以下元素：方位角扫描；硬件集成度更高；支持实时处理和渲染雷达输出。该研究为基于SFM的相干雷达的进一步开发和商业开发提供了良好的基础。建议这样的开发重点是生产可以放置在实际操作场景中的原型，以便充分评估该技术的实用性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Rowsell, Dean Francis.;

  • 作者单位

    Memorial University of Newfoundland (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 Memorial University of Newfoundland (Canada).;
  • 学科 Engineering Electronics and Electrical.
  • 学位 M.Eng.
  • 年度 2008
  • 页码 164 p.
  • 总页数 164
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 无线电电子学、电信技术;
  • 关键词

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