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首页> 外文学位 >Antimicrobial polypeptides, piscidins and histone-like proteins, in important aquacultured fish and the effect of nutrition on their expression and susceptibility to infection in hybrid striped (sunshine) bass (Morone saxatilis x Morone chrysops).
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Antimicrobial polypeptides, piscidins and histone-like proteins, in important aquacultured fish and the effect of nutrition on their expression and susceptibility to infection in hybrid striped (sunshine) bass (Morone saxatilis x Morone chrysops).

机译：重要水产养殖鱼类中的抗菌素多肽，piscidins和组蛋白样蛋白，以及营养对其在混合条纹（阳光）鲈鱼（Morone saxatilis x Morone chrysops）中的表达及其对感染的敏感性的影响。

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摘要

Innate immunity is the initial response of a host in defending against pathogen invasion (Beutler 2004, Janeway and Medzhitov 2002). The key features of an innate immune response are that it is: non-specific (broad-spectrum), rapid (often within minutes to hours) and conserved in its pattern of recognition. Antimicrobial polypeptides (AMPP) are a key component of the innate system and present in virtually all life forms (Zasloff 2002). One of the most widespread AMPP in fish are the piscidins. Piscidins have potent, broad-spectrum activity against viruses (Chinchar et al 2004), bacteria (Silphaduang and Noga 2001), fungi (Lauth et al 2002) and parasites (Colorni et al, Accepted). Another family of AMPP are histone-like proteins (HLPs), which are highly homologous to core nuclear histones (Robinette et al 1998, Noga et al 2002). Because disease is often the major cause of economic losses in fish farming, understanding how stress affects innate immunity (e.g., expression of AMPP) and thus disease susceptibility could be highly beneficial to the industry. One very important factor that can contribute to stress in aquaculture is inadequate nutrition. Feed is the single largest expenditure in semi-intensive and intensive farms (Lunger et al 2007, Twibell et al 2003, Mbahinzireki et al 2001). Thus, reducing feed costs while still maintaining optimal health is critical for successful production. As nutrient intake decreases, metabolic processes are impaired and susceptibility to disease increases. I anticipated that this would be reflected in the levels of piscidins and HLPs. The overall goal was to investigate the levels of these antibiotics that indicate fish are stressed prior to any pathological signs. For this first, an ELISA for piscidin 4 was developed and validated and its application to assess stress was confirmed. Using this ELISA and various other independent assays the presence of piscidin 4 related AMPP were detected in important aquacultured fish. Next, I found that nutritional deprivation has a deleterious effect on piscidin 4 expression and that susceptibility to an ich increases in hybrid striped bass ( Morone saxatilis [male symbol] x M. chrysops [male symbol]). The nutritional deprivation also lead to dermatological condition in channel catfish.
机译：先天免疫是宿主防御病原体入侵的最初反应（Beutler 2004，Janeway和Medzhitov 2002）。先天性免疫反应的关键特征是：非特异性（广谱），快速（通常在数分钟至数小时内）并且在识别模式上保持保守。抗菌多肽（AMPP）是先天系统的关键组成部分，实际上以所有生命形式存在（Zasloff 2002）。鱼类中最普遍的AMPP之一是piscidins。杀鱼蛋白对病毒（Chinchar等，2004），细菌（Silphaduang和Noga，2001），真菌（Lauth等，2002）和寄生虫（Colorni等，Accepted）具有有效的广谱活性。 AMPP的另一个家族是组蛋白样蛋白（HLP），与核心核组蛋白高度同源（Robinette等，1998； Noga等，2002）。由于疾病通常是造成养鱼业经济损失的主要原因，因此了解压力如何影响先天免疫力（例如AMPP的表达），从而使疾病易感性可能对该行业非常有利。营养不足是导致水产养殖压力的一个非常重要的因素。饲料是半集约化和集约化养殖场中最大的支出（Lunger等，2007； Twibell等，2003； Mbahinzireki等，2001）。因此，在保持最佳健康状态的同时降低饲料成本对于成功生产至关重要。随着养分摄入量的减少，新陈代谢过程受到损害，对疾病的敏感性增加。我预计这将反映在piscidins和HLP的水平上。总体目标是调查这些抗生素的含量，以表明鱼类在出现任何病理征兆之前都处于压力状态。为此，开发并验证了piscidin 4的ELISA，并确认了其在评估压力方面的应用。使用该ELISA和其他各种独立的测定方法，在重要的水产养殖鱼类中检测到了与piscidin 4相关的AMPP。接下来，我发现营养剥夺对piscidin 4的表达具有有害作用，混合条纹鲈鱼（Morone saxatilis [雄性符号] x ch.sops [雄性符号]）对ich的敏感性增加。营养匮乏还导致channel鱼的皮肤病。

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  • 作者

    Corrales, Jone.;

  • 作者单位

    North Carolina State University.;

  • 授予单位 North Carolina State University.;
  • 学科 Biology Veterinary Science.;Agriculture Fisheries and Aquaculture.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2008
  • 页码 224 p.
  • 总页数 224
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 动物学;水产、渔业;
  • 关键词

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