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Pathogen vs. Predator: Ranavirus exposure dampens tadpole responses to perceived predation risk.

机译:病原体与捕食者的关系:暴露于鼻病毒中,会降低t对感知到的捕食风险的反应。

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摘要

Stressors are often an inescapable part of an organism's life. While the effects of many stressors have been well studied individually, potential interactions between stressors exist that may result in greater than additive negative effects. Stressors may be linked by conflicting demands on energy budgets, interfering with important physiological pathways, or necessitating incompatible adaptive responses. Using Ranavirus (FV3) and larval dragonfly predators (Anax spp.) in a 2x2 factorial experiment on green frog (Lithobates clamitans) tadpoles, I investigate the interactions in behaviour, morphology, and metabolism when both stressors were applied in concert. I demonstrate that activity and feeding are reduced additively by both stressors, and tadpoles increase distance between conspecifics in FV3-exposed tanks, but only in the absence of predators. I also note decreases in mass, and a non-significant marginal increase in metabolic rate of tadpoles exposed to FV3. Interestingly, I provide evidence that FV3 can compromise morphometric responses through antagonistic interactions with perceived predation risk exposure, which may result in significantly elevated mortality even when either stressor is present in sub-lethal quantities. Thus, I conclude that sub-lethal exposure to stressors can nonetheless have substantial impacts on organisms and a more integrative approach to examining the impacts of stressors on individual physiology and fitness is necessary.
机译:压力源通常是有机体生命中不可避免的一部分。尽管已经单独研究了许多压力源的影响,但压力源之间存在潜在的相互作用,可能会产生大于加性的负面影响。压力源可能与能源预算的需求冲突,干扰重要的生理途径或需要不兼容的适应性反应有关。使用蛙蛙病毒(FV3)和幼虫蜻蜓捕食者(Anax spp。)在绿色青蛙(Lithobates clamitans)2的2x2阶乘实验中,我研究了两个应激源共同作用时行为,形态和代谢的相互作用。我证明,两个应激源都使活动和摄食量相加降低,而increase会增加暴露于FV3的水箱中同种异体之间的距离,但前提是没有掠食者。我还注意到暴露于FV3的mass的质量降低,以及in的代谢速率无明显增加。有趣的是,我提供的证据表明FV3可以通过与感知到的捕食风险接触的拮抗作用而损害形态计量学响应,即使当任何一种应激源存在于亚致死量时,也可能导致死亡率显着提高。因此,我得出的结论是,暴露于应激源的亚致死因素仍可能对生物体产生重大影响,因此有必要采用更加综合的方法来研究应激源对个体生理和适应性的影响。

著录项

  • 作者

    Rae, Jason M.;

  • 作者单位

    Trent University (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 Trent University (Canada).;
  • 学科 Ecology.;Behavioral sciences.;Physiology.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2017
  • 页码 60 p.
  • 总页数 60
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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