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Dynamics of Language Contact in China: Ethnolinguistic Diversity and Variation in Yunnan.

机译：中国语言交流的动态：云南民族语言多样性与变异。

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摘要

The study of language contact epitomizes the dynamics of language as a system of human communication. The competing linguistic forces at work when speakers of different language varieties come into contact can be narrowed down to two basic concepts----convergence and divergence. Looking at linguistic areas using a macro approach, languages in contact tend to show convergence across all structural levels through diffusion and borrowing, but nevertheless, linguistic diversity persists in regions of high interethnic language contact. Ethnicity often plays a significant role in constructing identity, therefore a speaker's linguistic choices can reflect ethnic identity and intergroup relations. Because these processes occur in and as a result of complex societies, "studies of interethnic language contact must begin by understanding the context in which speakers in a community construct their own ethnicity, as well as the ideologies that affect how they view other groups" (Fought 2013: 395). Southwest China is a particularly interesting region for language contact research because high levels of ethnolinguistic diversity in remote areas perpetuates traditional interethnic contact relations while these same groups are also currently under social and economic pressure to assimilate to mainstream Chinese society.;This dissertation describes the social context of language contact in Yunnan Province's Wuding County, an under-researched mountainous county with more than half of the population classified as non-Han ethnic minorities. Speakers of at least eight Ngwi varieties (Lolo-Burmese, Tibeto- Burman), two Hmong varieties, and one Tai variety are represented in villages across the county, although speaker numbers are diminishing due to widespread shift to Mandarin Chinese. This dissertation presents original ethnolinguistic maps of the distribution of ethnic minority villages in the county followed by two localized studies of interethnic contact scenarios in a Yi village area. A demographic survey of reported language proficiency in Miqie and Geipo households illustrates the role of access and geographic location in the rate of language shift to Mandarin; while the second study discusses the role of ethnic identity in persisting Miqie and Geipo language variation in intermarried households in the same village area. These studies highlight the dynamic social context in which language is used and changes for constructing identity and improving social mobility for speakers of languages facing endangerment in a rapidly changing society.
机译：语言接触的研究概括了语言作为人类交流系统的动态。当使用不同语言的说话者接触时，工作中的竞争语言力量可以缩小为两个基本概念：趋同和趋异。使用宏观方法观察语言领域，接触语言倾向于通过传播和借用在所有结构层次上表现出趋同性，但是尽管如此，语言多样性仍在种族间高度语言接触的地区持续存在。种族通常在构建身份中起着重要作用，因此，说话人的语言选择可以反映出种族身份和群体之间的关系。由于这些过程是在复杂的社会中发生的，并且是由于复杂的社会而产生的，因此“民族间语言接触的研究必须首先了解社区中说话者构建自己的种族的环境以及影响他们如何看待其他群体的意识形态”（ 2013年：395）。西南地区是一个特别有趣的语言联系研究地区，因为偏远地区的高民族语言多样性使传统的族裔之间的联系关系得以延续，而这些群体目前也处于社会和经济压力之下，难以融入中国主流社会。语言接触的背景是云南省武定县，该县是一个研究不足的山区县，一半以上的人口属于非汉族。全县至少有8个N​​gwi品种（Lolo-缅甸，藏缅语），2个苗族和1个Tai品种的发言人在该县的村庄中发言，尽管由于广泛迁移到普通话而导致的人数正在减少。本文提出了该县少数民族村庄分布的原始民族语言地图，随后对彝族村落中的两个民族之间的交往情境进行了本地化研究。对米切和盖波家庭所报告的语言能力进行的一项人口统计学调查表明，访问和地理位置对语言向普通话迁移的作用；而第二项研究则讨论了族裔认同在同一村庄内已婚家庭中持续存在的Miqie和Geipo语言变异中的作用。这些研究突显了动态语言所处的社会环境，以及在快速变化的社会中面对濒临灭绝的语言的讲者在构建身份和改善社交流动性方面的变化。

著录项

  • 作者

    Gao, Katie B.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Hawai'i at Manoa.;

  • 授予单位 University of Hawai'i at Manoa.;
  • 学科 Linguistics.;Geography.;Cultural anthropology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2017
  • 页码 153 p.
  • 总页数 153
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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