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Reliable Multicast Service Mapping in Network (Function) Virtualization

机译：网络（功能）虚拟化中可靠的组播服务映射

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摘要

Network Virtualization and Software-defined Networking (SDN) provides an effective way to reduce network provider's costs by allowing multiple Virtual Networks (VNs) to share the underlying physical infrastructure. A VN consists of virtual nodes and virtual links and can be mapped to the shared Substrate Network (SN) by mapping each virtual node to a physical node (servers/switches/storage), and mapping each virtual link to a physical path (and allocating the necessary bandwidth) in a SN.;Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) leverages virtualization technology to implement network functions in software (called Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs)) that can run on standardized high volume servers/switches/storage in what we call Telecom Clouds (TCs). A set of network services can be provisioned through Service Function Chain (SFC) which consists of a set of VNFs interconnected by a number of virtual links. To deploy a service in NFV environment mainly includes two processes: (1) VNF placement: for each type of VNF, at least one TC need to be placed to provide the network function and multiple VNFs can share the resources on the same TC; (2) SFC Mapping/ (some paper call it chaining or routing): each VNF node need to be mapped onto a certain TC and links among VNF nodes need to be mapped onto physical links within/among TCs.;Many big data applications, distributed file systems (e.g., Map-Reduce), point-to-multipoint real-time and interactive applications (e.g., video-conferencing and IPTV) prefer multicast communications in order to improve the utilization of the physical resources. Recently, designing efficient strategies to accommodate VNs/SFCs with multicast service traffic onto the shared SN has received a lot of attention in both academic and industry. In addition, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based Elastic Optical Networks (EONs) becomes a good candidate for SN since it has high bandwidth, low cost and flexible modulation selection and spectrum allocation. Furthermore, reliability is a critical requirement for multicast service since the failure of one virtual node/link can cause the malfunction of multiple nodes that receive multicasting data from/through it. In this thesis, we aim to design algorithms which can map VNs/SFCs with multicast traffic efficiently in order to decrease resource consumption and strategies for mapping multicast VNs/SFCs with high reliability.;As a preliminary work, we have mainly focused on (1) VN mapping strategies for multicast services and reliability issue within the mapping; (2) VNF placement and SFC mapping for unicast services; (3) reliability issues within VNF placement and SFC mapping for multicast services. More specifically, first we have studied the VN mapping problem for multicast service in OFDM-based EONs, with the objective of minimizing spectrum consumption, while considering multiple modulation formats, spectrum continuity and spectrum conflict constraints. We have formulated a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model to mathematically describe the problem and proposed two heuristic algorithms which are the Greedy algorithm and the Integrated Genetic and Simulated Annealing (IGSA) algorithm to efficiently solve the problem. Secondly, we have investigated the VN mapping for multicast services with max-min fairness of reliability over general IP networks. We have used a MILP model to formulate the problem and proposed the Reliability-Aware Genetic (RAG) algorithm to efficiently solve it. In addition, we have extended VN mapping for multicast services with max-min fairness of reliability from general IP networks to OFDM-based EONs by taking care of efficient modulation selection and spectrum allocation with spectrum conflict and continuity constraints. Thirdly, we have studied VNF placement and SFC mapping for unicast services, with the objective of minimizing both VNF placement and SFC mapping cost. We have proposed an efficient heuristic solution called Virtual Topology Design based VNF Placement and SFC Mapping (VTD-PM) algorithm to solve the problem. Lastly, we have investigated the VNF placement and SFC mapping for multicast services with max-min fairness of reliability over general IP networks. We have used a MILP model to formulate the problem and proposed the Reliability-Aware Self-Adaptive Genetic (RSG) algorithm to efficiently solve it. In addition, we have extended VNF placement and SFC mapping for multicast services with max-min fairness of reliability from general IP networks to OFDM-based EONs by taking care of efficient modulation selection and spectrum allocation with spectrum conflict and continuity constraints.
机译：网络虚拟化和软件定义网络（SDN）通过允许多个虚拟网络（VN）共享基础物理基础结构，提供了一种有效降低网络提供商成本的方法。 VN由虚拟节点和虚拟链接组成，并且可以通过将每个虚拟节点映射到物理节点（服务器/交换机/存储），然后将每个虚拟链接映射到物理路径（并分配）来映射到共享的基板网络（SN）。网络功能虚拟化（NFV）利用虚拟化技术在软件中实现网络功能（称为虚拟化网络功能（VNF）），该软件可以在我们称为电信的标准大容量服务器/交换机/存储上运行云（TC）。可以通过服务功能链（SFC）来提供一组网络服务，该功能由通过多个虚拟链路互连的一组VNF组成。在NFV环境中部署服务主要包括两个过程：（1）VNF放置：对于每种类型的VNF，至少需要放置一个TC以提供网络功能，并且多个VNF可以在同一TC上共享资源； （2）SFC映射/（有些论文称其为链接或路由）：每个VNF节点都需要映射到某个TC，VNF节点之间的链接需要映射到TC内部/之间的物理链接。许多大数据应用，分布式文件系统（例如Map-Reduce），点对多点实时和交互式应用程序（例如视频会议和IPTV）更喜欢多播通信，以提高物理资源的利用率。最近，设计有效的策略以将具有多播服务流量的VN / SFC容纳到共享SN上已引起了学术界和行业的广泛关注。此外，基于正交频分复用（OFDM）的弹性光网络（EON）具有较高的带宽，低成本以及灵活的调制选择和频谱分配功能，因此成为SN的理想选择。此外，可靠性是多播服务的关键要求，因为一个虚拟节点/链接的故障可能会导致从/通过它接收多播数据的多个节点发生故障。本文旨在设计一种可以有效地映射多播流量的VN / SFC的算法，以减少资源消耗，并提供一种具有高可靠性的多播VN / SFC映射的策略。;作为前期工作，我们主要关注（1 ）用于组播服务的VN映射策略和映射中的可靠性问题； （2）用于单播服务的VNF放置和SFC映射； （3）多播服务的VNF放置和SFC映射内的可靠性问题。更具体地说，首先我们研究了基于OFDM的EON中用于多播服务的VN映射问题，目的是将频谱消耗降至最低，同时考虑多种调制格式，频谱连续性和频谱冲突约束。我们建立了混合整数线性规划（MILP）模型以数学方式描述该问题，并提出了两种启发式算法，即Greedy算法和集成遗传与模拟退火（IGSA）算法，以有效解决该问题。其次，我们研究了组播IP的VN映射，具有通用IP网络上可靠性的最大最小公平性。我们已经使用了MILP模型来表述问题，并提出了可靠性感知遗传（RAG）算法来有效地解决它。此外，我们通过考虑有效的调制选择和具有频谱冲突和连续性约束的频谱分配，将具有最大最小可靠性公平性的组播服务的VN映射从通用IP网络扩展到了基于OFDM的EON。第三，我们研究了用于单播服务的VNF放置和SFC映射，目的是最小化VNF放置和SFC映射成本。我们提出了一种有效的启发式解决方案，称为基于虚拟拓扑设计的VNF布局和SFC映射（VTD-PM）算法，以解决该问题。最后，我们研究了组播服务的VNF放置和SFC映射，在通用IP网络上具有最大最小公平可靠性。我们已经使用了MILP模型来提出问题，并提出了可靠性感知的自适应遗传（RSG）算法来有效地解决它。此外，我们通过注意有效的调制选择和具有频谱冲突和连续性约束的频谱分配，扩展了用于多播服务的VNF放置和SFC映射，具有从通用IP网络到基于OFDM的EON的最大可靠性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Gao, Xiujiao.;

  • 作者单位

    State University of New York at Buffalo.;

  • 授予单位 State University of New York at Buffalo.;
  • 学科 Computer science.;Computer engineering.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2017
  • 页码 137 p.
  • 总页数 137
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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