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首页> 外文学位 >Large wood aids Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ) spawning in marginal habitat on a regulated river in California.
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Large wood aids Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ) spawning in marginal habitat on a regulated river in California.

机译：在加利福尼亚一条受管制的河流边际栖息地中产卵的大型木辅助奇努克鲑鱼（Oncorhynchus tshawytscha）。

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To determine whether large wood (LW, ≥1 m length, ≥10 cm diameter) plays a role in Chinook salmon redd (i.e. egg nests) placements in a regulated, medium-sized, Mediterranean-climate river, characteristics of 542 large wood pieces, locations of 650 redds, and habitat unit delineations (riffle, run, glide, pool) were collected during a spawning season along a 7.7 km reach directly below Camanche Dam on the Mokelumne River (average width 31 m). Large wood was regularly distributed across the study reach with an average of 70 LW pieces km-1. Some LW clustering was evident at islands. Chinook spawners built 75% of observed redds at spawning habitat rehabilitation sites, and 85% of redds were within one average channel width of large wood. At the hydraulic scale of ∼101 channel widths, redds were within a 10-m radius of large wood 36% of the time. These results suggest that spawners had the opportunity to utilize large wood as cover and refugia. In the lower 4.7 km where marginal habitat was prevalent, redds were within a 5-m radius of large wood 21% of the time and within a 2.5 m radius 10% of the time, indicating use of the hydraulic properties of instream large wood structures. Results from randomized tests indicate that large wood-redd interactions systematically occurred at a greater rate than by random chance alone in the lower 4.7 km, but not in the upper 3 km, which implies that large wood aids spawning in marginal habitats.;Key Words: large wood, gravel rivers, Chinook salmon, ecohydraulics, fluvial geomorphology, river rehabilitation
机译：为了确定大型木材（LW，长度≥1 m，直径≥10 cm）是否在受管制的中型地中海气候河流中的奇努克鲑鱼变红（即蛋巢）放置中起作用，具有542个大型木材块的特征，在产卵季节沿Mokelumne河的Camanche大坝正下方7.7公里（平均宽度31 m）沿河收集了650条红潮的位置和栖息地单位的轮廓（浅滩，滑行，滑行，水池）。大块木材定期分布在研究范围内，平均70 LW件km-1。在岛屿上有一些轻量级聚类。奇努克（Chinook）产卵场在产卵栖息地恢复点建造了75％的可观察到的红屑，而85％的红屑在大木材的平均通道宽度内。在〜101个通道宽度的水力规模下，变红现象在36％的时间内是在大木材的10米半径内。这些结果表明，产卵者有机会利用大型木材作为掩护和避难所。在边缘生境盛行的较低的4.7 km中，在21％的时间里，大木材的5m半径范围内发生冲积，在10％的时间里2.5m半径范围内的冲积处于冲刷状态，这表明使用了上游大型木结构的水力特性。随机测试的结果表明，在较低的4.7 km而非较大的3 km中，系统性地发生较大的木屑互动比单独发生随机事件的发生率更高，但不是在较高的3 km中发生，这意味着在边缘生境中会产生大型的木具。 ：大型木材，碎石河流，奇努克鲑鱼，生态水力学，河流地貌，河流修复

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