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Fundamentals and Application of the Collapse Transition of Poly(Acrylic Acid) for Synthesis of Various Polymer-Templated Nanoparticles

机译：聚（丙烯酸）塌陷转变在各种聚合物模板化纳米颗粒合成中的基础和应用

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摘要

The collapse of a long chain polymer from extended to globular conformation can be the basis for a synthesis of nanoparticles. For example, a negatively charged polyelectrolyte can be collapsed by positively charged counterions, forming a nano-sized polymer-counterion particle. Upon stabilization of the nanoparticle via UV crosslinking, further chemical reaction of the counterions can be performed. In principle, the method can be carried out with different polyelectrolyte-counterions pair, and hence has enormous potential for generating different kinds of nanoparticles. For each combination, a study of various parameters affecting the collapse process is required. Parameters including the valence state of counterions, counterion concentration, pH, polymer molecular weight, polymer concentration, and UV dose were found to affect the process.;The vast parameter space governing the collapse of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) by various ions and identified optimal synthesis condition for the polymer-counterion nanoparticles was investigated. First, a counterion concentration range at which PAA was collapsed yet have not formed aggregates was determined via viscosity and turbidity measurements. Second, optimization of the UV dose was explored for crosslinking of the nanoparticles while minimizing UV-induced chain scission.;The optimization method was applied to the synthesis of various nanoparticles. Lanthanide oxide nanoparticles in similar chemical environments were synthesized, and their optical and magnetic properties were studied and compared to bulk materials. While their magnetic properties were similar to those of lanthanide ions, there was a notable enhancement of the UV absorption of CexO y-PAA and the luminescence properties of TbxOy-PAA and EuxOy-PAA. TixOy-PAA and Bi xWyOz-PAA were also synthesized and their photocatalytic properties were demonstrated using an organic dye model system. Lastly, photocatalytic properties of a hydrothermally-synthesized WO3 system were evaluated and Pt deposition on the WO3 system improved amaranth decolourization efficiency.;The versatility of the approach in creating a wide range of nanoparticles was demonstrated and a universal method for creating various polymer-counterion nanoparticles was outlined.
机译：长链聚合物从延伸构型到球形构型的崩溃可能是合成纳米颗粒的基础。例如，带负电荷的聚电解质可以被带正电荷的抗衡离子破坏，形成纳米级的聚合物抗衡颗粒。通过UV交联使纳米颗粒稳定后，可以进行抗衡离子的进一步化学反应。原则上，该方法可以用不同的聚电解质-抗衡离子对进行，因此具有产生不同种类的纳米粒子的巨大潜力。对于每种组合，都需要研究影响坍塌过程的各种参数。发现包括抗衡离子的价态，抗衡离子浓度，pH，聚合物分子量，聚合物浓度和UV剂量在内的参数会影响该过程。;巨大的参数空间决定着各种离子对聚丙烯酸（PAA）的破坏。并确定了聚合物抗衡纳米粒子的最佳合成条件。首先，通过粘度和浊度测量来确定PAA塌陷但尚未形成聚集体的抗衡离子浓度范围。其次，探索了紫外线剂量的优化方法，以使纳米粒子交联，同时最大程度地减少紫外线引起的断链。该优化方法应用于各种纳米粒子的合成。合成了在相似化学环境中的镧系元素氧化物纳米粒子，并研究了它们的光学和磁性，并将其与块状材料进行了比较。尽管它们的磁性与镧系离子相似，但CexO y-PAA的紫外线吸收以及TbxOy-PAA和EuxOy-PAA的发光性能均得到显着提高。还合成了TixOy-PAA和Bi xWyOz-PAA，并使用有机染料模型系统证明了它们的光催化性能。最后，对水热合成WO3体系的光催化性能进行了评估，并在WO3体系上沉积了Pt，提高了mar菜的脱色效率。展示了该方法在制备多种纳米颗粒方面的通用性，以及一种用于制备各种聚合物抗衡剂的通用方法概述了纳米颗粒。

著录项

  • 作者

    Kim, Nari.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Toronto (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Toronto (Canada).;
  • 学科 Chemistry.;Nanoscience.;Physical chemistry.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2017
  • 页码 274 p.
  • 总页数 274
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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