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Public Health Risks Associated with Influenza D, Chikungunya, and Zika Virus Infections: Virology in the Context of One Health

机译：与D型流感，基孔肯雅热和寨卡病毒感染相关的公共健康风险：一种健康背景下的病毒学

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摘要

Influenza, Chikungunya, and Zika viruses all pose current or emerging threats to public health. The project work was designed to provide a breadth of experience and knowledge of virology in terms of public health. There were three objectives: (a) to apply serology and virology techniques to determine whether influenza D virus-specific antibodies are present in an at-risk population, (b) to identify and sequence viruses isolated from the plasma of patients with undifferentiated febrile illnesses during an arbovirus outbreak, and (c) to detect/identify arboviruses in travelers to Central American and Caribbean countries with suspected arbovirus illnesses.;Influenza D virus (IDV) is a newly emerging virus of cattle and swine, and recent studies suggest it also affects goats and sheep. A cross-sectional serosurvey of 35 cattle workers and 11 non-cattle exposed controls revealed an IDV antibody response in 94% of individuals with occupational exposure to cattle.;An outbreak of Chikungunya Fever occurred in Haiti during May to August 2014, followed by Dengue virus (DENV) type 1 and DENV type 4 outbreaks. During this period, 100 clinical plasma samples tested positive for Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), of which eight were co-infected with either DENV type 2 (n=1), Mayaro virus (n=1), or Zika virus (ZIKV) (n=6). Genetic characterization of the circulating CHIKV strains revealed high similarity within Haiti (>99%) and among strains from Caribbean countries (>97%).;Zika virus emerged in the Americas in 2015, leading to numerous travel warnings issued by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. During the first six months of 2016, four individuals returned from either Haiti (n=3) or Colombia (n=1) with symptoms of arbovirus infection. Specimens were collected and tested for the presence of ZIKV, DENV, or CHIKV by molecular and virus isolation methods. Three travelers tested positive by RT-PCR for ZIKV, and two of the three individuals had co-infections, one each with CHIKV and DENV type 2.;Information gathered through these studies furthers our scientific understanding of IDV serology and the zoonotic risks IDV may pose to humans, and the ability to detect and isolate viruses from different types of specimens collected from humans with suspected arbovirus diseases.
机译：流行性感冒，基孔肯雅热和寨卡病毒都对公共健康构成当前或正在出现的威胁。该项目的工作旨在在公共卫生方面提供广泛的病毒学经验和知识。有三个目标：（a）应用血清学和病毒学技术确定高危人群中是否存在D型流感病毒特异性抗体，（b）鉴定和测序未分化发热性疾病患者血浆中分离出的病毒在虫媒病毒爆发期间；以及（c）在怀疑有虫媒病毒疾病的中美洲和加勒比海国家旅行者中检测/鉴定虫媒病毒； D型流感病毒（IDV）是牛和猪的新兴病毒，最近的研究表明，它也影响山羊和绵羊。对35名牛工作者和11名非牛暴露的对照进行的横断面血清调查显示，在94％的职业性接触牛的个体中，IDV抗体反应.2014年5月至8月在海地爆发了基孔肯雅热，随后是登革热1型和4型DENV病毒爆发。在此期间，有100例临床血浆样本检测到基孔肯雅病毒（CHIKV）呈阳性，其中8例同时感染了2型DENV（n = 1），Mayaro病毒（n = 1）或寨卡病毒（ZIKV）（ n = 6）。循环的CHIKV菌株的遗传特征显示海地内部（> 99％）和加勒比国家的菌株（> 97％）高度相似。; 2015年美洲出现寨卡病毒，导致疾病中心发出大量旅行警告控制与预防。在2016年的前六个月中，有四人从海地（n = 3）或哥伦比亚（n = 1）返回，患有虫媒病毒感染症状。收集样本并通过分子和病毒分离方法测试ZIKV，DENV或CHIKV的存在。通过RT-PCR对ZIKV进行检测的三名旅行者呈阳性，三名患者中有两人合并感染，每名患者均感染2型CHIKV和DENV；通过这些研究收集的信息进一步加深了我们对IDV血清学和IDV可能引起的人畜共患病风险的科学理解对人类构成威胁，并具有从疑似虫媒病毒疾病的人类采集的不同类型标本中检测和分离病毒的能力。

著录项

  • 作者

    White, Sarah Keller.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Florida.;

  • 授予单位 University of Florida.;
  • 学科 Public health.;Health sciences.;Virology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2017
  • 页码 82 p.
  • 总页数 82
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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