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首页> 外文学位 >Improving the accuracy of postmortem interval estimations using carrion flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae, Calliphoridae and Muscidae).
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Improving the accuracy of postmortem interval estimations using carrion flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae, Calliphoridae and Muscidae).

机译：使用腐肉蝇（双翅目：石棺科，Calliphoridae和Muscidae）提高死后间隔估计的准确性。

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摘要

The use of flies in forensic entomology in postmortem interval estimations is hindered by lack of information. For accurate postmortem interval estimations using flies, the single most important information is the species identity of the immature flies found upon a corpse. One of the three major groups that associate with carrion, the fleshflies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), are difficult to identify in almost all life stages, especially in the larval stages commonly found upon carrion sources. Additionally, behavioral information on nocturnal oviposition activity amongst carrion flies in general is needed to resolve a time window of up to twelve hours in postmortem interval estimations. The two major goals of this study are: (1) to resolve the phylogenetic relationships of several major genera within the sub-family Sarcophaginae and (2) to investigate the behavioral patterns of nocturnal oviposition for carrion flies.;Relationships of one of the major lineages of Sarcophagidae, the Sarcophaginae, remain unresolved. Most forensically important fleshfly species fall within the Sarcophaginae and so resolving this group can help identify unknown forensically important specimens. I analyzed the complete cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and cytochrome oxidase II (COII) mtDNA genes, along with portions of the dehydrogenase subunit four (ND4) mtDNA gene and elongation factor one-alpha nDNA gene from 21 species of fleshfly representing 11 genera, and four representatives from other closely related dipteran families. I confirm the monophyly of the family Sarcophagidae and the generic-level organization within the Sarcophaginae of those genera supported by multiple exemplars included in this study ( Helicobia, Sarcophaga, Ravinia, Peckia and Boettcheria).;The behavioral patterns of nocturnal oviposition represent a window of time that potentially has a large impact on postmortem interval estimations. I investigated the behavioral patterns of carrions flies at night by exposing euthanized rats between sunset and sunrise to see if carrion flies oviposited upon the carrion over three subsequent summers. I encountered significant methodological problems that I corrected. I also investigated urban and rural locations, in both lit and unlit conditions. In the end, I found that nocturnal ovipositing did not occur in the Cincinnati metropolitan area.
机译：缺乏信息阻碍了在尸检间隔估计中在法医昆虫学中使用苍蝇。对于使用蝇类进行精确的死后间隔估计，最重要的信息是在尸体上发现的未成熟蝇类的种类。与腐肉相关的三个主要群体之一，即肉蝇（双翅目：石棺科），在几乎所有生命阶段都难以识别，尤其是在腐肉来源中常见的幼虫阶段。另外，通常需要有关腐肉蝇夜间行卵活动的行为信息，以解决死后间隔估计中长达十二小时的时间窗口。这项研究的两个主要目标是：（1）解决石棺亚科中几个主要属的系统发育关系；（2）研究腐肉蝇夜间产卵的行为模式。石棺科，石棺科，仍未解决。大多数具有法医学重要性的fl蝇都属于石棺科，因此解决这一问题组可以帮助鉴定未知的具有法医学重要性的标本。我分析了完整的细胞色素氧化酶I（COI）和细胞色素氧化酶II（COII）mtDNA基因，以及来自代表11个属的21种种蝇的部分脱氢酶亚基四（ND4）mtDNA基因和延伸因子one-αnDNA基因，以及来自其他密切相关的双足动物家族的四名代表。我确认了由本研究中包括的多个示例（Helicobia，Sarcophaga，Ravinia，Peckia和Boettcheria）支持的那些属的石棺科的单一属和属石棺内的普通级别组织。时间可能会对事后估计间隔产生重大影响。我通过在日落和日出之间暴露安乐死的老鼠来研究黑夜果蝇的行为模式，以查看随后三个夏天的黑夜果蝇是否在其上产卵。我遇到了严重的方法问题，并进行了更正。我还研究了在光照和不光照条件下的城市和乡村位置。最后，我发现辛辛那提大都会地区没有发生夜间排卵。

著录项

  • 作者

    Stamper, Trevor I.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Cincinnati.;

  • 授予单位 University of Cincinnati.;
  • 学科 Anthropology Medical and Forensic.;Biology Entomology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2008
  • 页码 111 p.
  • 总页数 111
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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