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首页> 外文学位 >New perspectives on evolutionary relationships within Pinus (Pinaceae) and within subsection Ponderosae (subgenus Pinus).
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New perspectives on evolutionary relationships within Pinus (Pinaceae) and within subsection Ponderosae (subgenus Pinus).

机译：松（Pinaceae）内部和黄松子类（Pinus属）内进化关系的新观点。

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摘要

A fossil-calibrated phylogenetic framework based on exemplars from each of the four taxonomic sections within Pinus was created using multiple nuclear and chloroplast loci. Calibration at the well-defined subgeneric split within Pinus with either fossil leaves and cones (ca. 45 million years ago) or fossil wood (ca. 85 million years ago) provides a reasonable starting point. Despite a wide difference in rates between loci, this work infers a moderate tempo of mutation rate in Pinus, and concludes that the within-locus rate variation and the leaves vs. wood question are both minor factors in comparison to the enormous effects of incorrect fossil/node association.; Next, I used full taxonomic sampling with multiple individuals per species and two nuclear loci to create independent phylogenies for 18 species in subsection Ponderosae (Section Trifoliae, subgenus Pinus). I estimate that some species have enormous effective population sizes (>105 individuals). This factor and an inferred origin 15 million years ago contribute to the lack of species-level coalescence and the incongruence between Ponderosae gene trees. Pinus jeffreyi is allied with Sabinianae, as proposed from terpene biochemistry. I observed one instance where reticulate evolution is likely. Pinus coulteri accessions resolve with Sabinianae at one locus, but in a monophyletic clade sister to other Ponderosae at the other locus, suggesting that this species originated as a diploid hybrid. Similar incongruence between loci for accessions of the P. ponderosa/P. washoensis complex could also be the result of introgression.; Using this phylogenetic framework, I focused on three sympatric Ponderosae (P. washoensis, P. ponderosa, and P. jeffreyi) to evaluate the genetic distinctiveness and specific status of P. washoensis. Population-level sampling with faster-evolving nuclear microsatellite loci reveals a clear divergence between P. jeffreyi and the P. ponderosa/P. washoensis complex. Using allele frequencies, I observed a weak cluster of traditional P. washoensis with high-elevation putative P. washoensis populations from Oregon, but other methods show no differentiation between P. ponderosa and P. washoensis. Nuclear admixture and chloroplast haplotype analysis suggest a low level of introgression between P. jeffreyi and P. ponderosa/P. washoensis, providing an important source of migrants into the genetic milieu of these species.
机译：使用多个核和叶绿体基因座，建立了基于松树四个分类学部分中每个样例的化石校正的系统发育框架。在松属植物中明确定义的亚类分裂中，用化石叶子和视锥细胞（约4500万年前）或化石木材（约8500万年前）进行校准提供了一个合理的起点。尽管位点之间的速率差异很大，但这项工作推断出松属中突变速率的速度适中，并得出结论：与不正确的化石的巨大影响相比，位点内速率变化和叶片与木材的问题都是次要因素/节点关联。接下来，我使用了完整的分类学采样方法，每个物种有多个个体，并且有两个核基因座，从而在美国黄松子节（三叶草部分，松属下）中为18个物种创建了独立的系统发育史。我估计某些物种的有效种群数量巨大（> 105个个体）。这个因素和一千五百万年前的推测起源导致缺乏物种一级的融合以及黄松基因树之间的不一致。如萜烯生物化学所提出的，杰弗里松（Pinus jeffreyi）与马鞭草科（Sabinianae）联合。我观察到一种可能发生网状进化的情况。松木种在一个位点上与马鞭草科分离，但在另一个位点上与另一个黄P科在单系进化枝姐妹中分离，这表明该物种起源于二倍体杂种。南美白对虾/ P。poerosa的基因座之间的相似不一致。 washoensis复合体也可能是渗入的结果。使用这种系统发育框架，我集中研究了三种同伴的黄松（P. washoensis，P。tankerosa和P. jeffreyi），以评估P. washoensis的遗传特征和特定状态。人口水平的采样与发展较快的核微卫星基因座揭示了杰弗里氏疟原虫与美国黄杨假单胞菌/ P之间存在明显的差异。 washoensis复合体。利用等位基因频率，我观察到了来自俄勒冈州的高海拔推定的P. washoensis种群的传统P. washoensis的弱集群，但是其他方法未显示美国黄杨和P. washoensis之间的差异。核混合物和叶绿体单倍型分析表明，P。jeffreyi和P. pokerosa / P之间的渗入水平较低。 washoensis，为这些物种的遗传环境提供了重要的移民来源。

著录项

  • 作者

    Willyard, Ann M.;

  • 作者单位

    Oregon State University.;

  • 授予单位 Oregon State University.;
  • 学科 Biology, Molecular.; Biology, Botany.; Agriculture, Horticulture.; Agriculture, Forestry and Wildlife.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 188 p.
  • 总页数 188
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 分子遗传学;植物学;森林生物学;
  • 关键词

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