洛克与罗尔斯同属契约论，罗尔斯排除了传统契约论的形而上学基础，因而称其为新契约论。任何契约都是自由选择一致同意的结果，选择环境是缔结契约的关键。洛克的自然状态、罗尔斯的原初状态分别是他们各自对契约初始环境的描述，二者都包含两个方面：一是选择环境；二是选择主体。但二者在对如何达成一致同意的论证上又有所不同。本文以自然状态与原初状态对比分析为案例，阐释罗尔斯对传统契约论的继承与发展，为我们理解社会契约理论的发展提供新的视角和路径。%Both Rock and Rawls belong to the contract theory,and with the metaphysical foundation of traditional contract theo-ry being ruled out,Rawls’is called the new contract theory.A Contract results from free selection and common consent,and the environment in which the choice occurs is the key to reaching the contract.The natural state and the original state,Rock and Rawls’respective description of the initial contract environment,contain two aspects:the selection environment and the selec-tion body.But the two differ in how to reach an agreement.This paper makes a comparative study of Rock’s natural state and Rawls’original state and interprets the inheritance and development of Rawls on traditional contract theory,providing a new per-spective and path for us to understand the evolution of the social contract theory.
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