In recent years, Land"non⁃grain" phenomenon is very serious with the peasant households differentiation and land cir⁃culation. The survey found that the characteristic differences, which are very large among various types of peasant households in differ⁃ent areas, influence land "non⁃grain" deeply. The "non⁃grain" of the peasant households of the type of farm is the most prominent in eastern region. There still have the problem of"Who will farm" in ordinary peasant households. However, the main body status of the peasant households who are relying on agriculture has not changed, and the fundamental role of guaranteeing nation grain safety has not changed in central region. Most of the peasant households who are relying on agriculture have not given up their field. The contradiction between grain and economic crops still exists within agriculture. We must take some measures, such as strengthen the control of land use, dredge "the last kilometer" of farmland and water facilities, and guide the peasant households in different ways, to prevent land"non⁃grain".%近年来，伴随着农户分化、土地流转，土地“非粮化”现象十分严重。分化农户的特征差异影响“非粮化”，并且不同地区、不同类型的农户差异甚大。东部地区农场类农户的“非粮化”最为突出；普通农户仍然存在“谁来种粮”问题，但以农为主农户在粮食生产中的主体地位没有变，中部地区在保障国家粮食安全方面的基础性作用没有变；以农为辅农户大多没有放弃农村的“一亩三分地”；农业内部粮经争地的矛盾依然存在。防止土地“非粮化”，必须加强对土地用途的管制，疏通农田水利设施的“最后一公里”，对不同类型的农户分类指导，重视种粮的人才储备和技术支持，确保种粮农户的收益不低于当地其他农户的平均水平。
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