“全面两孩”政策是我国生育政策的重大调整，必将对我国现行的计划生育政策体系产生重要影响。它将改变我国现行计划生育政策体系的政策规范、价值取向和行动方式，变“从紧”导向为“宽松”导向，鼓励按政策生育，同时将对奖励扶助政策、节育政策、惩罚政策、计划生育经费投入、计划生育服务管理机制等方面产生不同的重要影响。要有效落实“全面两孩”政策，需要相关部门变原来的“从紧”思维为“宽松”思维，变“人口是负担”的传统观念为“人口是资源”的新观念，用“与时俱进”的精神设计新形势下的人口政策规范、价值取向和行动方式，树立科学的人口价值观、发展观、问题观和治理观，形成现代人口治理机制，实现我国人口可持续均衡发展。%The universal two-child policy is a major adjustment of fertility policy, it is bound to have important influences on the current family planning policy in China. It will change the policy specification, value orientation and behavioral pattern of current family planning policy system, from tight policy to loose policy, so as to encourage fertility by policy. At the same time, it will have different important influences on the reward and assistance policies, birth control policy, punishment policy, family planning funds investment policy, family planning service management mechanism and so on. To effectively implement the universal two-child policy, the govern-ment related departments need to change the original tight thinking to the loose thinking, change the traditional concept of"population is burden" to the new idea of"population is resources", design policy specification, value orientation and behavioral pattern under new situation with the spirit of"keeping pace with the times", set up scientific population values, population development, views of popula-tion problems and concepts of population governance, form a modern population governance mechanism, achieve a sustainable balance population growth in China.
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