In order to explore the effects of main agronomic traits on yield of soybean in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi province , we used path coefficient analysis ( PCA) and grey relational degree analysis ( GRA) to analyze the relationships between main ag-ronomic traits and seed yield of 16 summer soybean varieties ( lines) through field trials.The results of PCA showed that the direct contribution rate of main agronomic traits to yield was ranked as follows:seed weight per plant>seed number per plant>100-seed weight>pod number per plant>plant height>seed number per pod>height of lowest pod.The results of GRA indicated that the grey relational degree between yield and main agronomic traits had the following order: seed weight per plant>seed number per plant >pod number per plant>plant height>100-seed weight>number of effective branches>growth and developmental duration>height of lowest pod>seed number per pod.According to the results of PCA and GRA, seed weight per plant, seed number per plant, and plant height were considered as the most important agronomic traits for the high yield of summer soybean .%为了研究陕西省关中地区大豆主要农艺性状对产量的影响，以陕西夏播大豆的16个品种（系）为试验材料，通过大田试验，应用通径和灰色关联度分析的方法对与产量相关的农艺性状进行了主次关系的分析。通径分析结果表明：大豆主要农艺性状对产量的贡献率大小依次为单株粒重＞单株粒数＞百粒重＞单株荚数＞株高＞单荚粒数＞结荚高度。灰色关联度分析表明：大豆主要农艺性状与产量灰色关联度依次为单株粒重＞单株粒数＞单株荚数＞株高＞百粒重＞有效分枝数＞生育期＞结荚高度＞单荚粒数。通过两种不同分析方法，单株粒重、单株粒数和株高被认定为影响大豆高产最为重要的农艺性状。
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