首页> 中文期刊> 《作物学报》 >我国部分主推小麦品种组织培养再生能力评价

我国部分主推小麦品种组织培养再生能力评价

         

摘要

Strong genotype dependence exists in wheat doubling haploid and genetic engineering breeding, in which high regen-eration ability is a main restrain. In this study, we evaluated the regeneration abilities of various explants of 24 commercial popu-larized wheat varieties and a new breeding line (CB037) with high powdery mildew resistance. The explants used in the two-year experiment were anther, immature embryo, and mature embryo. The regeneration potential was assessed based on callus induction rate, callus differentiation rate, and shoot induction rate. The plantlet regeneration rates of the all genotypes tested were 0–41.75% for anther culture, 2.25%–531.92% for immature embryo culture, and 3.24%–84.34% for mature embryo culture, showing sig-nificant differences among genotypes. Generally, immature embryos had stronger regeneration ability (119.79%) than mature embryos (36.23%) and anthers (4.91%). Among all the used genotypes, CB037 showed the highest regeneration rates for the three explant types. Lunxuan 987, Yangmai 16, Neimai 836, Kenong 199, Xinchun 6, Zhengmai 366, Zhengmai 9023, Xindong 20, Yannong 19, and Chuanmai 42 exhibited ideal regeneration abilities in immature embryo culture; Xinchun 6, Jingdong 8, Shimai 4185, Kenong 199, and Luanxun 987 performed good in mature embryo culture; and Shimai 4185 and Han 6172 were character-ized with high regeneration rate of green plantlet in anther culture. Plant regeneration efficiency of wheat was closely associated with genotype and explant type. The same explant type from different genotypes showed significantly different regeneration abili-ties, and different explants of the same genotype showed different regeneration abilities. However, there was no correlation among regeneration abilities of the three types of explants. The selected genotypes with high regeneration potential are recommended for application in genetic and cell engineering breeding of wheat.%小麦细胞工程育种和基因工程育种存在强烈的基因型特异性, 从目前推广的优良小麦品种中筛选不同外植体再生能力强的基因型, 对于提高小麦生物技术育种效率和加速育成品种的生产应用具有重要意义.本研究以全国大面积推广的24个优良小麦品种和抗白粉病优良品系 CB037为材料, 连续2年进行花药培养、幼胚培养和成熟胚培养,统计愈伤组织诱导率、愈伤组织分化率和植株再生率, 分析、评价这些小麦品种(系) 3种外植体的组织培养再生性能.结果表明, 25个小麦品种(系)花药、幼胚、成熟胚的植株再生率分别为0~41.75%、2.25%~531.92%和3.24%~84.34%,基因型差异显著; 组织培养再生能力以幼胚最强(119.79%), 成熟胚其次(36.23%), 花药最弱(4.91%).CB037的3种外植体组织培养再生效率均最高, 轮选987、扬麦16、内麦836、科农199、新春6号、郑麦366、郑麦9023、新冬20、烟农19和川麦42幼胚培养植株再生能力表现较强, 新春6号、京冬8号、石麦4185、科农199和轮选987成熟胚培养植株再生率较高, 石麦4185和邯6172花药培养绿苗诱导率较高.小麦组织培养效率与基因型和外植体类型密切相关, 不同品种同一外植体再生能力差异显著, 同一品种不同外植体再生能力也存在显著差异, 并且3种外植体的组织培养再生能力不存在相关性.本研究筛选到不同外植体再生能力较好的优良小麦基因型, 可进一步用于小麦转基因育种和单倍体育种.

著录项

  • 来源
    《作物学报》 |2018年第2期|208-217|共10页
  • 作者单位

    中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与遗传改良国家重大科学工程, 北京 100081;

    广州甘蔗糖业研究所海南甘蔗育种场, 海南三亚 572025;

    中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与遗传改良国家重大科学工程, 北京 100081;

    中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与遗传改良国家重大科学工程, 北京 100081;

    中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与遗传改良国家重大科学工程, 北京 100081;

    中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与遗传改良国家重大科学工程, 北京 100081;

    中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与遗传改良国家重大科学工程, 北京 100081;

  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 chi
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    小麦; 花药; 幼胚; 成熟胚; 组织培养;

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