To study the influence of different cultivation methods on rice yield and uniformity of population indices, we conducted a field experiment with seven treatments including machine transplanting (MT), broadcast seeding (BS), drill seeding (DS) and hole seeding (HS), precision hand transplanting (PT), cycle hand transplanting (CT), and equidistance hand transplanting (ET) in 2009 and 2010, using super-rice Ningjing 3 as material. The results showed that the grain yield of PT was the highest, followed by MT, ET, BS, CT, HS, and DS. Uniformity of population indices was the main influence factor of yield, the coefficient of variation (CV) of spikelets per panicle, primary and secondary branch number and panicle position distribution of Ningjing 3 were significantly positively correlated with grain yield. The difference of population uniformity of Ningjing 3 between machine transplanting, hand transplanting and direct-seeding was mainly due to the different durations of vegetative growth period. PT treatment had longer vegetative growth duration of tillers in all leaf ages, bigger panicle and more uniformity. In DS treatment, uniformity of population indices of Ningjing 3 was poor with the less tiller number, short vegetative growth period and small panicle, thus the yield was the lowest.%2009-2010年以超级稻宁粳3号为材料,设置小苗机插(MT)、手工撒播(BS)、条播(DS)、穴播(HS)、精量手栽(PT)、循环手栽(CT)和等距手栽(ET)7种种植方式,研究不同种植方式对水稻群体均衡性的影响,并分析水稻群体均衡性与产量的关系.结果表明,产量高低依次为精量手栽、机插、等距手栽、撒播、循环手栽、穴播、条播.宁粳3号穗粒数、一二次枝梗数和穗层分布整齐度与产量呈显著或极显著的正相关关系,表明群体均衡性差异是造成不同栽培方式产量差异的原因之一,群体均衡性越高产量越高.营养生长期的差异是造成宁粳3号机插、手栽和直播3种栽培方式间群体均衡性差异的主要原因.精量手栽方式分蘖营养生长时间长,穗层分布均匀、群体均衡.直播方式可利用分蘖叶位少,且各叶位发生的分蘖营养生长时间短,穗型小,群体均衡性较差.机插方式群体均衡性介于精量手栽与直播方式之间.
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