Uniform and smooth tetraaniline electrochromic films were prepared directly by spreading its alcohol solution onto clean ITO at room temperature. Film thickness was controlled by tuning the solution concentrations and the areas of conducting glasses. Two pairs of reversible redox peaks were found in its cyclic voltammogram, which corresponded to the transformation of leucoemeraldine base (LB) to emeraldine salt (ES) and emeraldine salt (ES) to pernigraniline salt (PS), respectively. Meanwhile, the film color changed from light yellow to green and then to blue with the increasing of potential. Furthermore, it was found that the electrochromic properties of tetraaniline films were related to the type of electrolytes and film thickness. The tetraaniline electrochromic contrast decreased when the HCl electrolyte solution was replaced with HNO3, H2SO4 and LiClO4 solution, respectively. And with the increasing of film thickness, the electrochromic contrast enhanced but the response time prolonged. On the other hand, when the electrochromic films were prepared from camphorsulfonic acid-doped tetraaniline, it exhibited high contrast and fast switching speed simultaneously.%以苯胺四聚体做为电致变色材料,在保持ITO有效涂覆面积不变的情况下,通过控制溶液浓度和用量的方式控制膜厚,采用自然铺展的方式制备得到了均匀的电致变色膜.循环伏安特性曲线表明,在-0.2～0.8 V电压范围内,随着电压的升高,苯胺四聚体结构发生从还原态到中间态再到氧化态的转变,并伴随着颜色从浅黄色到绿色再到蓝色的变化.研究发现,电解质溶液种类和膜厚对苯胺四聚体膜的电致变色性能有较大影响.苯胺四聚体膜的对比度按照HCl,HNO3,H2SO4,LiClO4电解质溶液的顺序依次降低.随着膜厚度增加,苯胺四聚体膜的对比度增加,响应时间延长.当采用樟脑磺酸掺杂的苯胺四聚体制备电致变色膜时,在其他条件相同的情况下可以提高苯胺四聚体膜的对比度并同时缩短响应时间.
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