Luminescent polymers are referred to as conjugated polymers,which are constructed by π-aromatic building blocks functioning as emitting units.But in recent years,it has been found that a few kinds of polymers only containing auxochromophores or unconventional chromophores such as aliphatic tertiary amine,carbonyl,ester,and amide demonstrate strong luminescence under proper conditions.Poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) dendrimers and hyperbranched poly(amido amine)s are the first reported and most investigated luminescent polymers containing unconventional chromophores.Lately,this kind of polymers have been extended to hyperbranched poly(amino ester)s (hb-PAEs),hyperbranched poly(ether amide)s (hb-PEAs),and polyurea dendrimers (PUREs) containing tertiary amine moieties.The luminogen of PAMAMs,hb-PAEs,hb-PEAs and PUREs is associated with the N-branched tertiary amine moiety and the oxidation of the tertiary amine is assigned to the emitting source.Meanwhile,some distinct polymers had been also reported to be luminescent.Poly[(maleic anhydride)-alt-(vinyl acetate)],polyisobutene succinic anhydrides,glycodynamer analogues of poly(acrylhydrazone)s and multiblock polymer derived by poly(trithiocarbonate) mediated reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of N-isopropyl-acrylamide.A common feature of these polymers is that only carbonyl and ester groups rather than tertiary amine are involved in the polymer structure.Aggregation of multiple carbonyl groups induced emission is usually adopted to explain the mechanism of the emission,and the interaction between carbonyl and phenyl groups was also used to explain the unconventional emission.%发光聚合物一般是由具有大π电子系统的共轭基元作为发光单元,通过共价键连接而成的高分子.近年来,研究者发现:另一类仅含有脂肪胺、羰基、酯基、酰胺等传统意义上的助色团的聚合物在适当条件下也能发射强的荧光.树枝状聚酰胺胺(PAMAM)和超支化聚酰胺胺(hb-PAMAM)是最早和最广泛被研究的含非典型性荧光生色团的聚合物.最近,这类聚合物被扩展到含有叔胺基元的聚氨酯、聚醚酰胺、聚脲体系.这些体系的生色团被认定为其结构中的叔胺基元,叔胺的氧化是荧光产生的根源.同时,也有文献报道马来酸酐与醋酸乙烯酯交替共聚物、异丁烯与顺丁烯二酸酐共聚物、聚多糖动态高分子、聚酰腙以及通过RAFT试剂制备的含聚三硫碳酸酯的多嵌段共聚物等也可以发射荧光.这些聚合物的一个共同特点是结构中不含叔胺基元,而仅含羰基和酯基,其发光机理通常用多个羰基聚集效应或羰基和苯环之间的相互作用来解释.
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