With the prosperity of stereoscopic industry, the disparity-based stereoscopic technology becomes more and more popular. But this technology may bring viewing discomfort and various image distortions such as depth plane curvature, depth non-linearity and so on.To analyze the origins, characteristics and relations of these perceptual issues, we investigated the stereoscopic distortion model and the comfortable viewing zone. This paper first summarized and compared three different configurations of the disparity-based stereoscopic video capturing systems, and focused on the parallel configuration system.The geometry of stereoscopic camera and display systems was presented. The mapping relationship,known as the distortion model, between the camera space and the viewing space was discussed in the parallel-shifting stereoscopic video systems.This distortion model is the basis of the stereoscopic information processing.The shape distortion factor and the depth factor were employed to explain the puppet theater effect and the cardboard effect. The comfortable viewing zone was considered to reduce the problem of visual discomfort and visual fatigue. Its three different representations were compared both qualitatively and quantitatively. At last, the distortion model and the comfortable viewing zone were combined to draw a conclusion of the stereoscopic shooting rules.%近年来,立体影视产业蓬勃发展,基于视差的立体成像技术成为市场主流.但是,基于视差的立体成像技术存在深度畸变、视觉不舒适等问题.针对这些问题,本文研究了立体视频系统几何模型与舒适观看区.首先,总结并比较了立体采集系统的各种配置模式；接着讨论了平移式立体系统中拍摄空间到感知空间的映射关系,即畸变模型,并用形状、深度畸变因子解释了木偶剧效应和纸板效应；然后分析了舒适观看区,对其三种定义做了比较,并基于国际上普遍采用的1°视差计算得出了舒适观看区域的几何范围；最后,本文将畸变模型和舒适观看区相关联,总结了立体图像拍摄应遵守的基本准则.
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