The main problem of the conventional radar altimeter echo model for big antenna mispointing angle is analyzed , and then an echo model containing the sea surface skewness coefficient is derived .This echo model can be used for retracking the e-cho wave when the antenna mispointing angle is big .Finally ,the model is used to process the data of the HY-2A radar altimeter during the stage of adjusting satellite attitude ,and the results are compared with the measurements of the buoys of NDBC (National Data Buoy Center ) .It shows that the model can give more accurate results .%本文分析了雷达高度计在天线误指向角较大的情况下，目前常用的回波模型存在的主要问题。提出了一个带有偏斜度系数的雷达高度计二阶回波模型，该模型适用于大误指向角情况下的回波重跟踪处理。本文利用该模型对HY-2A卫星雷达高度计的回波数据进行了处理，并将处理结果与NDBC （National Data Buoy Center ）的海洋浮标观测数据做了比较，获得了比现有模型更好的结果。
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