This paper proposes a novel method for calculating the radiation and scattering patterns of large arrays. Approximate expressions of the proposed method are derived based on the active element pattern technique and the principle of superposition . With the expressions, the large array analysis problems are converted into two simplified small array problems and the computational cost is considerably reduced. In addition, the effects of the mutual coupling and the surrounding array environment are rigorously accounted for. Example arrays of microstrip patch antennas are analyzed to assess the proposed method. A good agreement between the results calculated by the proposed method and the ones simulated by HFSS validates the accuracy of the proposed method.%为了解决考虑互耦情况下大型阵列天线的辐射和散射场的计算难题,提出一种基于有源单元方向图法结合小阵外推大阵思想的新方法.不同于以往先逐个计算阵列环境中各个单元的辐射和散射场,再利用叠加原理来求得阵列总场的传统意义下的有源单元方向图法.文中通过公式推导,简化了该方法的操作过程,将大型阵列的计算问题转化为两个小型阵列的总场计算问题,不仅大大地减小了计算量,而且避免了逐个计算单元场而带来的操作复杂度.计算结果与商用仿真软件HFSS的仿真结果基本一致,验证了方法的正确性.
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