According to the characteristic of GEOCSAR,the effect of the atmospheric temporal variation may be significant.Since this paper considers the L-band GEOCSAR system,the tropospheric and iono-spheric effects should both be included.The phase error due to the temporal variation of the tropospheric and ionospheric refraction is modeled.Then,the effect of the temporal variation of the troposphere and ion-osphere on GEOCSAR imaging is derived and analyzed.Besides,the minimum of the random tropospheric and ionospheric temporal variation causing the L-band GEOCSAR imaging performance deterioration is deduced.The effects of atmospheric temporal variation are validated via simulations.%根据地球同步轨道圆迹 SAR (GEOCSAR)的特点，大气折射率时间变化将会对 GEOCSAR 方位向聚焦成像产生重要影响。本文考虑 L波段GEOCSAR 的特点，因此对流层和电离层效应均不可忽略。文中建立了对流层和电离层折射率时间变化引起的相位误差模型，分析和推导了折射率时间变化对GEOCSAR 方位向聚焦性能的影响，计算了引起 L 波段 GEOCSAR 聚焦性能退化的最小对流层折射率和电离层电子含量随机时间变化量，并通过仿真进行了验证。
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