提出时空拥挤度的概念来描述时间与空间维上的移动对象的拥挤程度,并以此提出一种基于拥挤度的应急疏散路径优化方法,该方法能够为大型公共场所的人员疏散提供从建筑物内部经由路网离开危险区域的一个完整疏散路径方案。分析在疏散路径分配的过程中以最短路径为基础的疏散路径分配方案的拥堵情形,然后以缓解拥堵、减少疏散总时间为目标,设计疏散路径分配方案的优化方法。试验结果表明优化后的方案能够减轻整个疏散方案的拥堵程度,同时能够为每个疏散个体提供一条相对合理的疏散路径。%A concept of space-time congestion is proposed to describe the congestion level of moving objects in time and space dimensions.Based on this concept,an emergency evacuation route optimization method is proposed.This method has the capability of providing an integrated solution for the evacuees to evacuate from their locations inside of buildings to the safe areas passing by road networks.This paper analyses the space-time congestion in the evacuation process based on the Dijkstra＇s shortest path algorithm,and then optimizes this plan by virtue of resolving congestion and reducing the clearance time of the overall evacuation process.Experimental testing of this proposed method shows the optimized plan can ease the congestion of the evacuation plan systematically,and provide a relatively reasonable evacuation path for every single evacuee.
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