The gelation of n-butanol was realized by a mixture of cationic and anionic surfactants (referred to as“catanionic surfactant”).In this study, we used sodium laurate/cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (SL/CTAB) as the catanionic surfactant.The rheological properties and microstructures of the n-butanol gel were studied using a rheometer and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).We found that the concentration and mole ratio of the catanionic surfactant affected the formation of the gel and n-butanol was only efficiently gelled in the presence of the catanionic surfactant at a suitable concentration and mole ratio.When we fixed the concentration of one component in the catanionic surfactant system, the gel viscosity increased with the concentration of the other component on the basis of gel formation.This gel was a non-Newtonian fluid and showed a shear-thinning property in rheological experiments.In addition, SEM results showed that the gel had a representative three-dimensional network structure, which was composed of zonal fibers with uniform thickness.Further investigation indicates that the hydrophobic effect between the hydrocarbon chains, the electrostatic attraction between the polar headgroups, and the hydrogen bond interaction between the surfactants and n-butanol play an important role in gel formation.%利用正、负离子表面活性剂混合体系月桂酸钠/+六烷基三甲基溴化铵(SL/CTAB)成功实现了正丁醇的凝胶化,并借助流变仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了该凝胶的流变性质和微观形貌.实验发现,正、负离子表面活性剂的浓度及混合比例对正丁醇凝胶的形成具有较大影响,只有在合适的浓度和混合比例下正丁醇才能被有效地凝胶化,在正丁醇能够形成凝胶的前提下,固定正、负离子表面活性剂混合体系中某一组分的浓度,体系的粘度随着另一组分浓度的增加而增大.流变结果表明该凝胶具有剪切变稀的非牛顿流体特性.微观形貌的研究表明所形成的凝胶具有典型的三维网络结构,厚度相对均一的带状纤维是组成网络的结构单元.进一步的研究表明,正、负离子表面活性剂碳氢链的疏溶剂作用、极性头基间的静电吸引作用、表面活性剂与正丁醇分子间的氢键作用对凝胶的形成起到重要的作用.
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