环境阻尼对结构振动具有一定的影响,对环境介质的阻尼特性进行研究在振动控制分析和应用分析中具有重要的意义。本文设计了在流体介质环境中的悬臂梁结构振动试验装置,并进行了几种流体介质的阻尼特性的试验测试。试验采用峰值衰减方法计算了介质环境的阻尼比,分析了介质的动力粘度、运动阻抗与振动频率对介质环境阻尼比的影响规律。应用了量纲分析方法,研究介质的环境阻尼比与粘度、密度参数的函数关系,初步探索了不同介质环境下悬臂结构振动的阻尼参数,为航空、航海、石油、建筑等工程结构振动响应计算提供了基本参数的测试途径。%Ambient damping has certain influence on vibration structure.Research of damping characteristics plays an important role in vibration control analysis and vibration application analysis.In this paper,experiments are designed and conducted based on the damping characteristics of a cantilever structure in different fluid environments.The theory of peak-attenuation is used both to calculate the damping ratio,and to analyze the effective rate of frequency,dynamic viscosity and impedance on damping.Based on application to zero dimensional analysis theory,an equation on damping ratio in different mediums for viscosity,impedance and wavelength is suggested,damping parameters of cantilever structure in different media environment is explored preliminary,and a testing way is provided for basic parameters of engineering structure vibration response calculation in aviation,marine,petroleum,construction and so on.
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