费托合成（Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, FTS）反应是煤、甲烷和生物质等非油基碳资源转化制高品质液体燃料或化学品的重要途径。以生物质基合成气为原料，利用传统的Fe、Co催化剂制备生物燃料引起普遍关注。本文简要总结了近年来高性能Fe基和Co基费托合成催化剂的发展，以及近年来新型材料和核壳结构的双功能催化剂在费托合成中的应用。重点关注了生物质合成气方面的应用，比较了 Fe、Co 催化剂在该应用中的特点。虽然Co基催化剂较Fe基催化剂有更好的活性，但在BTL（Biomass-To-Liquid）过程中需要考虑多种因素，Fe基催化剂可能更具优势，开发廉价高性能的Fe基催化剂可能成为BTL-FT催化剂的发展方向。%Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is an important route to produce various high quality hydrocarbon fuels or chemicals for different applications from synthesis gas (CO + H2), which can be derived from nonpetroleum feedstocks such as natural gas, coal, or biomass. FTS processes from biomass derived syngas using the traditionally Fe, Co catalysts have received a great deal of interest in recent years. In this perspective, the latest developments in the preparation of high performance FTS catalysts are presented, including an overview of mesoporous materials and core-shell materials for FTS. The application of high performance FTS catalysts are highlighted for hydrocarbon production from biomass, including a comparative overview of the Fe-and Co-based catalysts performance. The productivity of cobalt-based catalysts at high conversion level is currently higher than that of iron-based catalysts. Nevertheless, it is argued that iron-based catalysts may be an attractive option for the Biomass-To-Liquid (BTL)-process. Development of more efficient, cheaper and tailored Fe-based catalysts is promising.
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