基于有限元方法,通过Python语言开发了SiCp/Al复合材料的参数化建模程序,利用ABAQUS图形用户界面(GUI)完成了建模过程的可视化,搭建了颗粒的大小、形状、体积含量和分布可控的快速建模拟实平台.利用此平台建立了SiCp/Al复合材料基于微细观的代表性体积单元(RVE)有限元模型,并先后引入了颗粒的弹脆性断裂行为、基体的弹塑性断裂损伤行为和界面的拉伸-开裂行为,实现了SiCp/Al复合材料的变形和断裂的全过程模拟.为研究使役条件下SiCp/Al复合材料的构效关系,建立了颗粒体积含量为7％和14％的复合材料有限元模型,首先研究了拉伸过程中颗粒体积含量对复合材料变形和损伤行为的影响;然后将体积含量为7％的复合材料模拟压缩过程与拉伸过程进行对比,分析了在不同载荷条件下复合材料的变形和损伤机理.实践证明,所建立的SiCp/Al复合材料参数化建模平台可用于颗粒增强金属基复合材料基于微细观的有限元建模,对复合材料强韧化机理分析和构效关系研究具有重要的价值.%This paper developed a parametric modeling program to simulate SiCp/Al composite based on the finite element method. This modeling program developed by Python script in Abaqus, was able to achieve the visualizations of the modeling process by implementing graphical user interface (GUI). The parameters of particles like sizes, shapes, vol-ume fractions and distribution are controllable in this user interface. In addition, a 3D representative volume element (RVE) was created for studying the microstructures of SiCp/Al composite. In order to simulate the composite's elastic-plastic deformation process as well as its crack generation and propagation, different deformation behaviors were considered in the simulation, including the particle's elastic-brittle failure, the matrix's elastoplastic-damage, and the interface's traction-separation behaviors. To investigate the relationships between the microstructure and the mechanical properties of SiCp/Al composite, this paper built the finite element models with different particle volume fractions under different working condi-tions. Firstly, the impacts of particle volume fractions of 7％ and 14％ on the composite's deformation and damage behavior were studied through out the tension process. Secondly, for the 7％ particle volume fraction model, the compression process was simulated and compared with the tension process. Finally, the mechanism of the composite's deformation and dam-age under various loads conditions was analyzed. It had been proven that this parametric modeling program was feasible to build the particle reinforced metal matrix composite model based on its microstructure, and was of great significance in studying the strengthening and toughing mechanism of composite as well as the relationships between the microstructure and mechanical properties.
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