The effects of water-saving drip irrigation on photosynthetic characteristic and yield components in hybrid cotton Zhaofeng 1 in Southern Xinjiang were studied. The results showed that limited drip irrigation caused water deftciency in cotton field, and reduced the rate of net single-leaf photosynthetic (Pn), canopy apparent photosynthesis (CAP) and leaf area index (LAI); In limited irrigation treatment, the canopy respiration rate (CR) and the ratio of CR to total CAP were higher in full flower stage but the CR was lower in full bearing period than that of the suitable drip irrigation. The limited drip irrigation reduced leaf area index. Excessive drip irrigation caused over-rapid growth of hybrid cotton. Although the numerical value of Pn, CAP, LAI, CR and canopy leaf source capacity (CLSC) were higher, it become lower in late stage, which was not good for the formation of effective yield. Still excessive irrigation reduced the ratio of dry weight of reproductive organ to total dry weight that resulted in lower productive effect. Hybrid cotton in appropriate irrigation treatment had a steady growth and optimal leaf physiological function, so it had higher yield. Studies showed that the suitable amount of drip irrigation for Zhaofeng 1 in South Xinjiang was 3 000 ～ 4 125 m3/hm2, water use efficiency was 13.2 ～ 14.8 kg/(hm2·mm), and the yield was 7 714.3 ～ 8 289.5 kg/bm2.%在田间试验条件下,研究了不同滴灌水量对南疆膜下滴灌杂交棉花"兆丰1号"光合性能及产量结构的影响.结果表明,限量滴灌造成棉田土壤水分亏缺,单叶光合速率(Pn)和群体光合速率(CAP)降低,群体呼吸速率(CR)及CR占群体总光合速率(TCAP)的比值在盛花期较高,进入盛铃期以后CR又显著低于适量滴灌处理,叶面积指数(LAI)较低.过量灌溉造成杂交棉营养体增长过快,Pn、CAP、LAI、CR、群体叶源量(CLSC)虽然较高,但后期下降快,生殖器官干物重占地上部总干物重比例降低,不利于有效产量形成,生产效率低.适量滴灌处理棉株长势稳健,叶片生理机能优化,CAP增强,产量较高.研究表明南疆阿拉尔地区"兆丰1号"的适宜滴灌定额为3000～4125 m3/hm2,水分利用率13.2～14.8 kg/(hm2·mm),籽棉产量达7714.3-8289.5 kg/hm2.
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