Taxonomical outlines of bio-diversity of Karnataka in a 14th century Kannada toxicology text Khagendra Mani Darpana

Sathyanarayana Bhat; Kumaraswamy Udupa

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Taxonomical outlines of bio-diversity of Karnataka in a 14th century Kannada toxicology text Khagendra Mani Darpana

机译：卡纳塔克邦14世纪卡纳达毒理学文本Khagendra Mani Darpana中生物多样性的生物分类纲要

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Origin of ancient Indian toxicology can be dated back to vedic literature. Toxins of both animate and inanimate world were very well understood during the era. Rig and Atharva vedic texts describe such details. After classifying such toxins, Charaka Samhitha, thebasic literature of Indian Medicine used gold and ghee as panaceas to counter act them. Ayurveda considers toxicology as one among the eight specialized branches of medical wisdom. Unfortunately, the available literature on this is very limited. Moreover, they have been discussed briefly in Charaka and Sushrutha Samhitha. Mangarasa I, a Jain scholar who lived on the foothills of the Western Ghats, in Southern India in 1350 A.D., felt this vacuum and composed an independent, elaborate Kannada text on toxicology. His less known text Khagendra Mani Darpana (KMD) is the first ever documented complete text on toxicology in the world. Medieval Indian wisdom on plant and animal diversities are very well reflected in this unique toxicological text. Centuries past to Linnean era, KMD gives vivid descriptions on zoological and botanical diversities of the time. This astonishing fact is an evidence of our ancestor's curiosities about the nature around them. A critical overview of the bio-diversity described in KMD text is discussed in this paper.

机译：古代印度毒理学的起源可以追溯到吠陀文学。在那个时代，人们对有生命和无生命的毒素都非常了解。钻机和Atharva吠陀文字描述了此类详细信息。在对这类毒素进行分类之后，印度医学的基础文献Charaka Samhitha使用金和酥油作为灵丹妙药来对抗它们。阿育吠陀认为毒理学是医学智慧的八个专业分支之一。不幸的是，关于这一点的可用文献非常有限。此外，已在Charaka和Sushrutha Samhitha中简要讨论了它们。 Ja那教学者Mangarasa I于公元1350年生活在印度南部西高止山脉的山麓上，他感到了这种真空，并撰写了一份独立，详尽的卡纳达语毒理学著作。他鲜为人知的著作Khagendra Mani Darpana（KMD）是世界上第一个有毒文献记载的完整著作。在这种独特的毒理学著作中，很好地体现了印度中世纪关于动植物多样性的智慧。 KMD对Linnean时代已有数百年历史，对当时的生态和植物多样性做出了生动的描述。这个惊人的事实证明了我们祖先对周围自然的好奇心。本文讨论了KMD文本中描述的生物多样性的重要概述。

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《亚太热带生物医学杂志（英文版）》 |2013年第8期|668-672|共5页
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Sathyanarayana Bhat; Kumaraswamy Udupa;
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Consultant, 29, Second Cross, Sanjayanagara, Bangalore, Karnataka, India;

Faculty, Department of Botany SJCBM College Sringeri, Chikmagalur, Karnataka, India;

Consultant, 29, Second Cross, Sanjayanagara, Bangalore, Karnataka, India;

Faculty, Department of Botany SJCBM College Sringeri, Chikmagalur, Karnataka, India;

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Taxonomical outlines of bio-diversity of Karnataka in a 14th century Kannada toxicology text Khagendra Mani Darpana

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