Based on the machining method for ball bearing race superfinishing and wear performance of the abrasive stone, a principle race shape error in the process is analyzed and discussed. The stone oscillation causes interference between working surface of the stone and the race surface, and the interference leads to nonuniform abrading on the race width, which changes the primary toroidal shape of the race and produces a principle race shape error. The more serious the surface interference is, the greater the race shape error is. The influences of the stone thickness and the race width on the surface interference are analyzed quantitatively with an example. Finally, the influences of some process parameters and factors on the principle race shape error are discussed: the greater the thickness, oscillation frequency, oscillation amplitude, hardness and abrasive ability of the stone are, and the greater the race width is, the greater the race shape error is.%基于球轴承套圈沟道超精研加工方式和油石的磨损特性,分析探讨了原理性沟形误差的形成机制.油石的摆动使油石的工作形面与沟道表面之间产生干涉,造成油石沿沟道宽度方向对沟道的不均匀研磨,从而改变沟道原来的圆弧形状,形成原理性沟形误差；表面干涉程度越严重,沟形误差越大.通过算例定量分析了油石厚度和沟道宽度对这种表面干涉的影响,最后,讨论了一些工艺参数和因素对这种原理性沟形误差的影响:油石的厚度、摆动频率、摆动幅度、硬度及切削能力越大,引起的沟形误差越大；套圈沟道宽度越大,产生的沟形误差越大.
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