胞膜窖(Caveolae)是存在于细胞膜表面大小约为50～100nm的多样化凹陷结构,其表面富有信号转导过程所涉及的大多数信号蛋白,行使多种生物学功能,是细胞的信号处理中心,主要承载抑制信号转导作用.窖蛋白(Caveolin)是Caveolae的特异性标志蛋白,细胞处于稳态或是由配体引导的信号行为,可通过形成脚手架区域(scaffold)固定各种信号分子.作为质膜上的永久的生物膜结构,Caveolae及Caveolin生理功能的研究逐渐受到人们的重视,尤其是在信号转导、胆固醇的运输、细胞内化及肿瘤抑制、肌细胞合成等方面.本文结合近几年来国内外的研究现状,对Caveolae的研究进展进行多角度概括介绍.%Caveolae which is about 50 - l00nm various invaginations exists on the surface of cell plasma membrane. Caveolae enriches the most signal transduction proteins and is responsible for many biological functions. It is the center of cell signal processing for carring the signal transduction inhibitor. Caveolin are Caveolae' s characteristic proteins, which can fix the signal molecules by forming scaffold when the cell in a steady state or the signal behavior leading by ligand. As the permanent structure on the plasma membrane,the research on physiological function of caveolae and caveolin are getting more and more attention , especially in signal transduction , cholesterol transport, tumor suppression, muscle cell synthesis and so on. Based on recent domestic and foreign studies on caveolae and caveolin,we concluded the progress of caveolae with multiple perspectives.
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