表面增强拉曼光谱技术是近年来快速发展的一种痕量特征标记性物质检测技术,可达到分子识别水平,且具有快速、测量条件要求低、可重复性好、无污染等优点;人体唾液中含有大量体征相关的特异性蛋白质和分泌物质,唾液检测具有无创、获取方便、适合开展大规模普查等优点.表面增强拉曼光谱检测技术可以快速对唾液进行检测,二者的结合有可能成为一种适合普查的快速检测方法.本文采用便携式表面增强拉曼光谱检测仪器对44例吸毒者、45例艾滋病患者、11例肺癌患者和11例乳腺癌患者以及55例健康对照组的唾液进行测试,获取所有样本的拉曼光谱.应用支持向量机和随机森林方法对以上样本的拉曼光谱数据进行统计学分类.分析结果证实,对唾液样本的拉曼光谱检测技术可以有效地区分上述患者与健康人群.采用表面增强拉曼光谱进行唾液检测可能成为某种疾病早期诊断的一种有效方法.%Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy ( SERS) is a trace amount substance detecting technique developing quickly in recent years. It is a physical method at molecular levels , with advantages such as quick examination, low requirements on detecting conditions, good reproducibility, and no contamination. Human saliva contains abundant proteins and substances which are related to human body ' s signs, and many diseases can be diagnosed by analyzing saliva features. Additionally saliva samples can be collected conveniently and non-invasively which examination is appropriate for large-scale health surveys. SERS can detect saliva samples quickly with wide prospects. In this paper, SERS was employed to test the saliva samples from 44 drug addicts, 45 AIDS patients, 11 lung cancer patients, 11 breast cancer patients and 55 healthy controls. All spectra values of saliva samples were obtained and analyzed by methods of support vector machine and random forests respectively. The results indicated that the spectra of patients could be separated from healthy controls by statistical analysis, and it supposed the saliva test using SERS could be an effective approach for early diagnosis of certain diseases.
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