Biodegradable materials comprises natural biodegradable materials and artificially synthesized biodegradable materials. The products made by biodegradable materials can be completely absorbed after being applied on humans. This review illustrates the character, types, application status of the biodegradable materials that have been clinically used such as chitin, collagen, bacterial cellulose, polyhydroxybutyrate, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, PPDO, PBS and β- TCP. We also discussed the problems occurring when they are in use. The medical products made by biodegradable materials do have beneficial therapeutic effects on human body for its physical and chemical characteristics. Though the biodegradable materials still have some problems and is limited in use, they will have the broad application prospect in the future.%生物可降解材料包括天然可降解材料和人工合成可降解材料,由它们制成的产品应用于人体后可逐渐被降解吸收.本文综述了部分已应用于临床的生物可降解材料的特性、种类和应用现状,其中包括甲壳素、胶原蛋白、细菌纤维素、聚羟基丁酸酯、聚乳酸、聚乙醇酸、聚对二氧环己酮和聚丁二酸丁二醇酯及磷酸钙,并对相关的需要解决的问题进行了讨论.总之生物可降解材料所具有的理化结构和降解特性决定其运用于医用产品将会发挥有益的治疗作用,尽管目前只在有限范围应用,在实际应用时也存在一些问题,但生物可降解材料将会有广阔的应用前景.
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