The control of the blood glucose is an important way for understanding pathogenic condition and evaluating treatment effects of mellitus diabetes. In this paper, the invasive, minimally invasive and non-invasive blood glucose detecting techniques in clinic are summarized respectively. Advantages and disadvantages of these techniques are compared and analyzed from the technical aspect. The technical principles of the current blood glucose monitoring instruments are analyzed. Non-invasive detection methods and their development foreground are specially introduced. Although there are many types of non-invasive blood glucose detectors, there is a lack of a non-invasive, continuous, dynamic, accurate, good- repeatability product, which can be widely used in home health care, and replace the traditional invasive blood glucose detector. At present, every one of the invasive, minimally invasive or non-invasive blood glucose detecting technique has its characteristic, can not be substituted each other. The non-invasive technique is the future of blood glucose detector, which still needs studied in a multi-interdisciplinary subject.%掌握血糖的变化是了解糖尿病病情和评价治疗效果的重要途径.本文从有创、微创和无创三个方面对血糖检测方法及存在问题进行了陈述;从技术方面对目前的血糖仪进行分析,着重介绍了无创检测方式的原理及发展前景.虽然无创血糖检测方法很多,但目前仍然缺乏一种无创伤、连续、动态、准确、重复性良好的方法,使之能够广泛应用于家庭保健,并取代传统的有创血糖检测仪.有创、微创、无创血糖检测方法目前各有优劣,尚无法相互取代,而无创血糖检测是未来血糖检测技术发展的方向,有待于多学科的综合研究.
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