The karst development of karst mountain areas in southwestern China is complicated,which brings difficulties to the development and utilization of underground rivers there.Based on the results of geo-logical surveys in these regions recent years,this work makes a systematic summary on the characteristics of karst landforms and karst development,and proposes 6 typical exploitation modes of underground rivers,i. e.(1)karst depression reservoirs in peak-cluster depression areas,(2)reservoirs formed by subterranean stream blocking in deep karst valley areas,(3)surface-underground combined reservoirs in karst valley are-as,(4)water diversion by digging tunnels in karst ridge fold zones,(5 )leading groundwater by motor-pumped wells in peak forest-plain areas,and (6 )Reservoirs by combined surface-subsurface underground streams in edges of fault-depression basins.These 6 models provide a practical reference for treatment in ac-cordance with local conditions,reasonable and efficient development and utilization of groundwater re-sources,and can effectively serve the national strategy of precise poverty alleviation.%西南岩溶石山地区岩溶发育规律复杂,给地下河的有效开发利用带来了困难.在近年来西南岩溶区地质调查成果的基础上,系统总结不同岩溶地貌类型区地形地貌条件、岩溶发育特征,提出了6种典型地下河开发利用模式:(1)峰丛洼地区地下河溶洼成库模式;(2)岩溶深切河谷区地下河堵洞成库模式;(3)岩溶槽谷区地表-地下联合成库模式;(4)岩溶垄脊褶皱区隧洞引水模式;(5)峰林平原(谷地)区地下河机井提引利用模式;(6)断陷盆地边缘地区地下河地表-地下联合成库模式.这6种模式的提出,为因地制宜、合理高效开发利用地下水资源,提供了切实可行的方法借鉴,可有效服务国家精准扶贫战略.
展开▼
