以超声波提取法对蒌叶中抑菌活性成分进行提取,考察不同溶剂、料液比、提取时间、提取温度、提取功率对提取工艺的影响,同时采用96孔板法和倾注平板法测定了提取物对枯草杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、毛霉、黑曲霉、青霉的最小抑菌浓度;并考察了温度、光照、放置时间对提取物抑菌活性稳定性的影响.结果表明:蒌叶抑菌活性成分提取的最佳工艺条件为,无水乙醇为溶剂、m蒌叶干粉:V乙醇=1.75:10(g·mL-1)、提取时间为60 min、提取功率为192 W、提取温度为50℃时,提取物的抑菌效果最好.对大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、黑曲霉、毛霉、青霉最小抑菌浓度分别为5.00、2.50、2.50、1.25、1.25、2.50 mg·mL-1.同时,提取物的石油醚部位和氯仿部位富集有抑菌活性很强的物质.在设定的温度范围、光照条件下,蒌叶提取物的抑菌活性较稳定.因此,蒌叶乙醇提取物的抑菌活性具有一定的光热稳定性.%The Piper betle was extracted by ultrasonic extraction,and the influence of solvent type,solid-to-Iiquid ratio,extraction time,extraction temperature and power on the extraction yields of compounds tested was investigated. To study antibacterial activities of the extracts from the Piper betle,usingthe 96-well plates and pour plat emethod. Meanwhile,different temperature,light and time affecting the antibacterial activity of the extracts were also investigated. The results indicated that the optimal conditions were anhy-drous ethanol as extraction solvent,solid-to-Iiquid ratio 1. 75 : 10(g·mL-1 ),ultrasonic time 60 min,ultrasonic power192W,ex-traction temperature 50℃. The extracts had certain antibacterial activity on the microorganisms,under the optimized conditions,MIC for escherichia coli,bacillus subtilis,staphylococcus aureus,aspergillus nigar,mucor,penicllilum notatumwas5. 00、2. 50、2. 50、1. 25、1. 25、2. 50 mg·mL-1 respectively. Meanwhile,there are antibacterial components in the petroleum ether extraction and chlor-oform extraction. The extract showed well stability on different temperature and light what were set up. Therefore,the extract has def-inites tability on different temperature and light.
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