Lanthanum borate nanorods were prepared via hydrothermal method using Na2B4O7·10H2O and La(NO3)3·6H2O as raw materials,and oleic acid as the modifying agent. The microstructure of as-prepared samples was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectrometry(FT-IR),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and energy-dispersive X-ray spec-trometer(EDS). In the meantime,friction reducing and anti-wear properties of lanthanum borate as lubricant additives in vegetable oil were evaluated with a four-ball friction and wear tester. The morphology as well as elemental composition of worn steel surfaces were investigated by SEM and EDS. Results showed that as-prepared lanthanum borate displayed nanorod morphology with diameters of 50 nm and lengths up to 500 nm. Moreover,the lanthanum borate nanorods could obviously improve the anti-wear and frictiong re-ducing properties of vegetable oil. The optimal anti-wear and friction reducing abilities were obtained at an additive content of 1 wt.%. XPS analysis showed that the formation of a lubrication film mainly composed of the oxides of iron,boron and lanthanum as well as the formation of an adsorption film of oleic acid on the rubbing surfaces,which provided the vegetable oil with good lubrica-ting properties.%以Na2B4O7·10H2O和La(NO3)3·6H2O作原料,油酸作改性剂,采用水热法制备了硼酸镧纳米棒。利用X-衍射仪、FT-IR光谱仪、扫描电镜及能谱仪对其结构进行了表征,采用四球摩擦试验机考察了其在植物油中的抗磨减摩性能,利用扫描电镜观察了钢球表面磨斑的形貌,X射线光电子能谱测定了磨斑的元素组成。结果表明,硼酸镧呈纳米棒结构,其直径为50 nm、长达500 nm。硼酸镧纳米棒能显著提高植物油的抗磨、减摩性能,当添加剂的含量为1wt．%时,植物油的抗磨、减摩性能达到最佳。 XPS分析结果表明,在钢球表面形成了一层含油酸的吸附膜和一层含Fe2 O3、B2 O3和La2 O3等物质的润滑膜,这种润滑膜起到了良好的润滑作用。
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