Biosensor, composed of molecular recognition element and signal converter, is a detection and analysis instrument. It has many characters; sensitivity, accuracy, convenient for use and so on. This paper reviews the development of biosensor in recent years and focuses on the researches on enzyme sensor, immunosensor, DNA sensor and microbial cell biosensor, and the applications in medical, environmental monitoring, food safety, and military. It shows that biosensor has good foreground.%生物传感器是由分子识别元件和信号转换器构成的分析检测仪器,具有敏感、准确、易操作等特点.本文综述了近几年国内外生物传感器研究现状,重点介绍了酶传感器、免疫传感器、DNA传感器和微生物细胞传感器的研究创新以及在医学、环境监测、食品安全、军事等领域应用的最新进展,展望了未来的研究方向.
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