Does not solve the problem of farmers, but also can not solve the problem of the nature of Chinese society, China has been a country since ancient times to agriculture. Until now, a lot of social problems are derived from the deepening of urban and rural structure two. An older generation of scholars in the study of social problems, are ful of contains a point to a personal value ideal and the humanistic spirit, the specific performance is on the toiling masses of humane care --the last century 20, 30 years, a group of intelectuals, cultural deep into rural development field studies, also think fundamentaly solve problem of poverty in China and farmers, is the starting point of the solution:to farmers for cultural enlightenment education. As the classical writer said, "the former philosophers have only interpreted the world, and the problem is to transform the world.".%不解决农民的问题，也就不能解决中国社会的本质问题，中国自古以来就是一个以农业立国的国家。直到现在，好多社会问题都源于还在深化的城乡二元结构。中国老一代学者在研究社会问题的时候，都饱含蕴含着一种个人价值理想与人文精神指向，具体表现为对劳苦大众的人文关怀——上个世纪20、30年代，有一批知识分子、文化人深入到乡村里开展实地研究，也曾试想从根本上解决中国的贫穷问题和农民问题——其解决之道的切入点就是：对农民进行文化启蒙教育。亦如经典作家所论：“以往的哲学家只是在解释世界，而问题在于改造世界。”。
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